וִיהֹונָתָ֨ן וַאֲחִימַ֜עַץ עֹמְדִ֣ים בְּעֵין־רֹגֵ֗ל וְהָלְכָ֤ה הַשִּׁפְחָה֙ וְהִגִּ֣ידָה לָהֶ֔ם וְהֵם֙ יֵֽלְכ֔וּ וְהִגִּ֖ידוּ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֑ד כִּ֣י לֹ֥א יוּכְל֛וּ לְהֵרָאֹ֖ות לָבֹ֥וא הָעִֽירָה׃
And Yehonatan and Aḥimaʿats were standing at ʿEn-rogel, and the maidservant went and told them, and they went and told King Dawid, for they could not be seen coming into the city.
Morphology
- וִיהֹונָתָ֨ן (vi-Yehonatan) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “And Yehonatan”; Notes: Son of Evyatar.
- וַאֲחִימַ֜עַץ (va-Aḥimaʿats) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and Aḥimaʿats”; Notes: Son of Tsadoq.
- עֹמְדִ֣ים (ʿomdim) – Root: עמד; Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “standing”; Notes: Ongoing action.
- בְּעֵין־רֹגֵ֗ל (be-ʿEn-Rogel) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun (place name); Translation: “at ʿEn-Rogel”; Notes: A spring south of Yerushalayim.
- וְהָלְכָ֤ה (ve-halkhah) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular; Translation: “and she went”; Notes: Subject is “the maidservant.”
- הַשִּׁפְחָה֙ (ha-shifḥah) – Root: שׁפחה; Form: Definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the maidservant”; Notes: Female servant acting as messenger.
- וְהִגִּ֣ידָה (ve-higgidah) – Root: נגד; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd feminine singular; Translation: “and told”; Notes: Verb of communication.
- לָהֶ֔ם (lahem) – Root: הם; Form: Preposition + pronoun 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to Yehonatan and Aḥimaʿats.
- וְהֵם֙ (ve-hem) – Root: הם; Form: Conjunction + pronoun; Translation: “and they”; Notes: Subject of the following verb.
- יֵֽלְכ֔וּ (yeleku) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural; Translation: “they went”; Notes: Sequential to the message received.
- וְהִגִּ֖ידוּ (ve-higgidu) – Root: נגד; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd masculine plural; Translation: “and told”; Notes: Second communication verb in the verse.
- לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ (la-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “to the king”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- דָּוִ֑ד (Dawid) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Final recipient of the message.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Standard negation.
- יוּכְל֛וּ (yuklu) – Root: יכל; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural passive; Translation: “they could”; Notes: Negative capability.
- לְהֵרָאֹ֖ות (leheraʾot) – Root: ראה; Form: Nifal infinitive construct; Translation: “to be seen”; Notes: Passive verb of perception.
- לָבֹ֥וא (lavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “to come”; Notes: Result of being seen would be risky.
- הָעִֽירָה (ha-ʿirah) – Root: עיר; Form: Definite noun with directive he; Translation: “into the city”; Notes: Indicates direction toward the city (Yerushalayim).