וְעַתָּ֡ה שִׁלְח֣וּ מְהֵרָה֩ וְהַגִּ֨ידוּ לְדָוִ֜ד לֵאמֹ֗ר אַל־תָּ֤לֶן הַלַּ֨יְלָה֙ בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ות הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְגַ֖ם עָבֹ֣ור תַּעֲבֹ֑ור פֶּ֚ן יְבֻלַּ֣ע לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וּלְכָל־הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתֹּֽו׃
And now, send quickly and tell Dawid, saying: “Do not lodge tonight in the plains of the wilderness, but surely cross over, lest there be swallowed up the king and all the people who are with him.”
Morphology
- וְעַתָּ֡ה (ve-ʿattah) – Root: עת; Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Introduces urgent instruction.
- שִׁלְח֣וּ (shilḥu) – Root: שלח; Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “send”; Notes: Addressed to plural audience.
- מְהֵרָה֩ (meherah) – Root: מהר; Form: Noun (adverbial use); Translation: “quickly”; Notes: Modifies the imperative verb.
- וְהַגִּ֨ידוּ (ve-haggidu) – Root: נגד; Form: Hifil imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and tell”; Notes: Urgent command to report.
- לְדָוִ֜ד (le-Dawid) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Direct object of the verb “tell.”
- לֵאמֹ֗ר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר; Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- אַל־תָּ֤לֶן (ʾal-talen) – Root: לן; Form: Qal jussive 2nd masculine singular with negative particle; Translation: “Do not lodge”; Notes: Prohibition.
- הַלַּ֨יְלָה֙ (ha-laylah) – Root: ליל; Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the night”; Notes: Time reference.
- בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ות (be-ʿarvot) – Root: ערבה; Form: Preposition + plural noun, feminine; Translation: “in the plains of”; Notes: Geographical setting.
- הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר (ha-midbar) – Root: מדבר; Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the wilderness”; Notes: Completes the geographical phrase.
- וְגַ֖ם (ve-gam) – Root: גם; Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “but also”; Notes: Emphatic addition.
- עָבֹ֣ור תַּעֲבֹ֑ור (ʿavor taʿavor) – Root: עבר; Form: Infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular; Translation: “surely cross over”; Notes: Infinitive absolute used for emphasis.
- פֶּ֚ן (pen) – Root: פן; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “lest”; Notes: Introduces a negative consequence.
- יְבֻלַּ֣ע (yevullaʿ) – Root: בלע; Form: Pual imperfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “he be swallowed up”; Notes: Passive verb indicating danger.
- לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ (la-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “to the king”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- וּלְכָל־הָעָ֖ם (u-le-khol ha-ʿam) – Root: כל, עם; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun + definite noun; Translation: “and to all the people”; Notes: Collective group with the king.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתֹּֽו (asher ʾitto) – Root: את; Form: Relative pronoun + preposition + pronominal suffix 3ms; Translation: “who are with him”; Notes: Describes those accompanying Dawid.