וַיַּרְא֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֔ד וַיַּגֵּ֖ד לְיֹואָ֑ב וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה֙ רָאִ֣יתִי אֶת־אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם תָּל֖וּי בָּאֵלָֽה׃
And a certain man saw and told Yoʾav, and he said, “Behold, I saw Avshalom hanging in the oak.”
Morphology
- וַיַּרְא (vay-yarʾ) – Root: ראה; Form: Wayyiqtol Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he saw”; Notes: Narrative verb marking sequential action.
- אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: אישׁ; Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֶחָד (eḥad) – Root: אחד; Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “one” / “a certain”; Notes: Qualifies the noun to emphasize individuality or anonymity.
- וַיַּגֵּד (vay-yagged) – Root: נגד; Form: Wayyiqtol Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he told”; Notes: Hifil binyan expresses causative action—”caused to know.”
- לְיֹואָב (le-Yoʾav) – Root: יואב; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Yoʾav”; Notes: Indirect object of the verb “told.”
- וַיֹּאמֶר (vay-yomer) – Root: אמר; Form: Wayyiqtol Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- הִנֵּה (hinneh) – Root: הן; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Attention-getting particle often preceding a report or revelation.
- רָאִיתִי (raʾiti) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I saw”; Notes: First-person testimony, emphatic in speech.
- אֶת־אַבְשָׁלֹם (et-ʾAvshalom) – Root: אבשלום; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Avshalom”; Notes: Object of the verb “saw.”
- תָּלוּי (taluy) – Root: תלה; Form: Passive participle, masculine singular; Translation: “hanging”; Notes: Describes Avshalom’s condition.
- בָּאֵלָה (ba-ʾelah) – Root: אלה; Form: Preposition + definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “in the oak”; Notes: Location of the hanging.