וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֛וּ יֹואָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ בָּ֔אָה וְהֵ֗מָּה בָּ֚אוּ עַד־גִּבְעַ֣ת אַמָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־פְּנֵי־גִ֔יחַ דֶּ֖רֶךְ מִדְבַּ֥ר גִּבְעֹֽון׃
And Yoʾav and ʾAvishai pursued after ʾAvner, and the sun went down, and they came to the Hill of Amma, which is before Giyaḥ, by the way of the wilderness of Giveʿon.
Morphology
- וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֛וּ (vayyirdəfu) – Root: רדף (radaf); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they pursued”; Notes: Refers to both Yoʾav and ʾAvishai.
- יֹואָ֥ב (Yoʾav) – Root: יואב (Yoʾav); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yoʾav”; Notes: One of the pursuers.
- וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י (va-ʾAvishai) – Root: אבישׁי (ʾAvishai); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “and ʾAvishai”; Notes: Brother of Yoʾav, also in pursuit.
- אַחֲרֵ֣י (ʾaḥarei) – Root: אחר (ʾaḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates pursuit direction.
- אַבְנֵ֑ר (ʾAvner) – Root: אבנר (ʾAvner); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “ʾAvner”; Notes: The one being pursued.
- וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ (ve-ha-shemesh) – Root: שמש (shemesh); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “and the sun”; Notes: Subject of next verb.
- בָּ֔אָה (baʾah) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “had come / went down”; Notes: Feminine subject agrees with *shemesh*.
- וְהֵ֗מָּה (ve-hemmah) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Independent pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they”; Notes: Refers again to Yoʾav and ʾAvishai.
- בָּ֚אוּ (baʾu) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they came”; Notes: Completed action of arrival.
- עַד־גִּבְעַ֣ת (ʿad-givʿat) – Root: גבע (givʿah); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “to the hill of”; Notes: Indicates destination.
- אַמָּ֔ה (ʾAmmah) – Root: אמה (ʾAmmah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ammah”; Notes: Name of the hill.
- אֲשֶׁר֙ (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause describing the hill.
- עַל־פְּנֵי־גִ֔יחַ (ʿal-penei-Giyaḥ) – Root: פנה (paneh) + גיח (Giyaḥ); Form: Preposition + construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “before Giyaḥ”; Notes: Geographical detail of the hill’s location.
- דֶּ֖רֶךְ (derekh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the way”; Notes: Indicates the route or path.
- מִדְבַּ֥ר (midbar) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “wilderness”; Notes: Often implies uninhabited land.
- גִּבְעֹֽון׃ (Givʿon) – Root: גבעון (Givʿon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Givʿon”; Notes: Known city in the territory of Binyamin.