וַיַּ֜עַל כָּל־אִ֤ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֣בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִ֑י וְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ דָּבְק֣וּ בְמַלְכָּ֔ם מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן וְעַד־יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
And every man of Yisraʾel withdrew from following Dawid and followed Sheva son of Bikhri; but the men of Yehuda clung to their king, from the Yarden even to Yerushalayim.
Morphology
- וַיַּעַל (vayyaʿal) – Root: עלה; Form: Wayyiqtol Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “And he went up” / “withdrew”; Notes: Refers to the collective act of departing or defecting.
- כָּל־אִישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל (kol-ish Yisraʾel) – Root: כל, איש, ישראל; Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “every man of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the northern tribes, collectively.
- מֵאַחֲרֵי (meʾaḥarei) – Root: אחר; Form: Preposition + construct; Translation: “from after”; Notes: Indicates withdrawal or turning away from someone.
- דָוִד (Dawid) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid.
- אַחֲרֵי (aḥarei) – Root: אחר; Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates whom they followed instead.
- שֶׁבַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִי (Shevaʿ ben-Bikhri) – Form: Proper name + patronymic construct; Translation: “Shevaʿ son of Bikhri”; Notes: Rebel leader against Dawid.
- וְאִישׁ יְהוּדָה (ve-ish Yehudah) – Root: איש, יהודה; Form: Conjunction + construct phrase; Translation: “but the man of Yehudah” / “the men of Yehudah”; Notes: Collective noun usage.
- דָּבְקוּ (davqu) – Root: דבק; Form: Qal perfect 3rd common plural; Translation: “clung” / “remained loyal”; Notes: Describes fidelity or allegiance.
- בְמַלְכָּם (be-malkam) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to their king”; Notes: Refers to Dawid as king of Yehudah.
- מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּן (min-ha-Yarden) – Root: ירדן; Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “from the Yarden”; Notes: Indicates the geographical scope of allegiance.
- וְעַד־יְרוּשָׁלָם (ve-ʿad-Yerushalayim) – Root: עד, ירושלם; Form: Conjunction + preposition + proper noun; Translation: “and to Yerushalayim”; Notes: Geographic extent of their loyalty.