וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד וַיִּקַּ֞ח אֶת־עַצְמֹ֤ות שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־עַצְמֹות֙ יְהֹונָתָ֣ן בְּנֹ֔ו מֵאֵ֕ת בַּעֲלֵ֖י יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד אֲשֶׁר֩ גָּנְב֨וּ אֹתָ֜ם מֵרְחֹ֣ב בֵּֽית־שַׁ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר תָל֤וּם שָׁם֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים בְּיֹ֨ום הַכֹּ֧ות פְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל בַּגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃
And Dawid went and took the bones of Shaʾul and the bones of Yehonatan his son from the owners of Yavesh Gileʿad, who had stolen them from the street of Beit-shan, where the Pelishtim had hung them on the day the Pelishtim struck down Shaʾul at Gilboa.
Morphology
- וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ (vayyélekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he went”; Notes: Standard narrative verb indicating action taken by Dawid.
- דָּוִ֗ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- וַיִּקַּ֞ח (vayyíqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqach); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he took”; Notes: Continuation of Dawid’s actions.
- אֶת־עַצְמֹ֤ות שָׁאוּל֙ (et-ʿatsmot Shaʾul) – Root: עצם (ʿetsem); Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine plural construct + proper noun; Translation: “the bones of Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to bodily remains.
- וְאֶת־עַצְמֹות֙ יְהֹונָתָ֣ן בְּנֹ֔ו (ve-et-ʿatsmot Yehonatan beno) – Root: עצם (ʿetsem); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + construct noun + proper noun + noun masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and the bones of Yehonatan his son”; Notes: Yehonatan is identified as Shaʾul’s son.
- מֵאֵ֕ת (meʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Preposition; Translation: “from”; Notes: Indicates source of retrieval.
- בַּעֲלֵ֖י יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד (baʿalei Yavesh Gilʿad) – Root: בעל (baʿal); Form: Construct plural noun + proper nouns; Translation: “owners/citizens of Yavesh Gilʿad”; Notes: Loyal men who recovered the bodies.
- אֲשֶׁ֩ר גָּנְב֨וּ אֹתָ֜ם (ʾasher ganvu otam) – Root: גנב (ganav); Form: Relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person plural + 3rd person masculine plural object suffix; Translation: “who had stolen them”; Notes: Refers to the recovery of the corpses.
- מֵרְחֹ֣וב בֵּֽית־שַׁ֗ן (me-reḥov Beit-Shan) – Root: רחב (reḥov); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “from the street of Beit-Shan”; Notes: Location where the Pelishtim displayed the corpses.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר תָלוּם שָׁם (ʾasher talum sham) – Root: תלה (talah); Form: Relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person plural + adverb; Translation: “where they had hung them”; Notes: Refers to the desecration of the bodies by the Pelishtim.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשׁת (Peleshet); Form: Proper gentilic noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Longstanding enemies of Yisraʾel.
- בְּיֹ֨ום הַכֹּ֧ות (be-yom hakot) – Root: יום (yom) + נכה (nakah); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular + Hifil infinitive construct with definite article; Translation: “on the day of striking”; Notes: Marks the specific event of Shaʾul’s defeat.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל (Pelishtim et-Shaʾul) – Root: פלשׁת (Peleshet); Form: Subject + direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “the Pelishtim [struck] Shaʾul”; Notes: Reiterates who defeated Shaʾul.
- בַּגִּלְבֹּֽעַ (ba-Gilboa) – Root: גלבע (Gilboa); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “at Gilboa”; Notes: Site of Shaʾul’s final battle and death.