וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כִּלָּ֔נוּ וַאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּמָּה־לָ֑נוּ נִשְׁמַ֕דְנוּ מֵֽהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב בְּכָל־גְּבֻ֥ל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
And they said to the king, “The man who consumed us and who plotted against us—we were destroyed from standing in all the territory of Yisraʾel.
Morphology
- וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ (vayyomru) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they said”; Notes: Narrative continuation verb indicating speech.
- אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ (el-ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “to the king”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid in context.
- הָאִישׁ֙ (ha-ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The man”; Notes: Subject of the relative clauses following.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- כִּלָּ֔נוּ (killanu) – Root: כלה (kalah); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “consumed us”; Notes: Piel denotes intensification; implies complete destruction.
- וַאֲשֶׁ֖ר (va-ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction + relative pronoun; Translation: “and who”; Notes: Introduces second relative clause linked to same subject.
- דִּמָּה־לָ֑נוּ (dimmah-lanu) – Root: דמה (damah); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “plotted against us”; Notes: Piel usage conveys intent or scheming; alternate nuance: “planned for us.”
- נִשְׁמַ֕דְנוּ (nishmadnu) – Root: שמד (shamad); Form: Nifal perfect 1st person plural; Translation: “we were destroyed”; Notes: Passive/reflexive stem indicating ruin received.
- מֵֽהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב (me-hityatsev) – Root: יצב (yatsav); Form: Preposition + Hitpael infinitive construct; Translation: “from standing”; Notes: Hitpael implies self-positioning or remaining present.
- בְּכָל־גְּבֻ֥ל (be-khol-gevul) – Root: גבול (gevul); Form: Preposition + adjective + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “in all the territory of”; Notes: Construct state governs the following proper noun.
- יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the covenant nation or its land.