2 Samuel 21:9

וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֞ם בְּיַ֣ד הַגִּבְעֹנִ֗ים וַיֹּקִיעֻ֤ם בָּהָר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיִּפְּל֥וּ שִׁבְעָתָ֖ם יָ֑חַד וְהֵם הֻמְת֜וּ בִּימֵ֤י קָצִיר֙ בָּרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים תְּחִלַּ֖ת קְצִ֥יר שְׂעֹרִֽים׃

And he gave them into the hand of the Giveʿonim, and they exposed them on the mountain before YHWH, and the seven of them fell together. And they were put to death in the days of harvest, in the first—at the beginning of the barley harvest.

Morphology

1. וַיִּתְּנֵ֞ם (vayyittem) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “And he gave them”; Notes: Narrative form with direct object suffix referring to the seven men.
2. בְּיַ֣ד (be-yad) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “into the hand of”; Notes: Indicates agency or possession.
3. הַגִּבְעֹנִ֗ים (ha-Givʿonim) – Root: גבעון (Givʿon); Form: Proper gentilic noun masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the Givʿonim”; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants of Givʿon.
4. וַיֹּקִיעֻ֤ם (vayyoqiʿum) – Root: יקע (yaqaʿ); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and they exposed them”; Notes: Likely means to hang or impale in a public display; causative action.
5. בָּהָר֙ (ba-har) – Root: הר (har); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the mountain”; Notes: Location of execution.
6. לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Preposition + construct noun masculine plural; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates presence or direct audience—here before YHWH.
7. יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hwh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Tetragrammaton, covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
8. וַיִּפְּל֥וּ (vayyiplu) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they fell”; Notes: Refers to their death as a result of being exposed.
9. שִׁבְעָתָ֖ם (shivʿatam) – Root: שבע (shevaʿ); Form: Construct noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “the seven of them”; Notes: Refers back to those given over.
10. יָ֑חַד (yaḥad) – Root: יחד (yaḥad); Form: Adverb; Translation: “together”; Notes: Emphasizes their simultaneous execution.
11. וְהֵם (ve-hem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Conjunction + independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “and they”; Notes: Emphatic subject before verb.
12. הֻמְת֜וּ (humtu) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Hofal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “were put to death”; Notes: Passive causative form.
13. בִּימֵ֤י (bi-ymei) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition + plural construct noun masculine; Translation: “in the days of”; Notes: Temporal indicator.
14. קָצִיר֙ (qatsir) – Root: קצר (qatsar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “harvest”; Notes: Refers to agricultural season.
15. בָּרִאשֹׁנִ֔ים (ba-rishonim) – Root: ראשׁ (rosh); Form: Preposition + adjective masculine plural definite; Translation: “in the first”; Notes: Describes the early period of the harvest.
16. תְּחִלַּ֖ת (teḥillat) – Root: חלל (ḥalal); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the beginning of”; Notes: Construct form modifying the following noun.
17. קְצִ֥יר (qetsir) – Root: קצר (qatsar); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “harvest of”; Notes: Indicates type of crop.
18. שְׂעֹרִֽים (seʿorim) – Root: שער (seʿorah); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “barley”; Notes: Refers to the barley harvest, which begins in the spring.