וְאָנֹכִ֨י הַיֹּ֥ום רַךְ֙ וּמָשׁ֣וּחַ מֶ֔לֶךְ וְהָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים הָאֵ֛לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י צְרוּיָ֖ה קָשִׁ֣ים מִמֶּ֑נִּי יְשַׁלֵּ֧ם יְהוָ֛ה לְעֹשֵׂ֥ה הָרָעָ֖ה כְּרָעָתֹֽו׃ פ
And I today am weak, though anointed king, and these men, the sons of Tseruya, are too hard for me. May YHWH repay the evildoer according to his evil.”
Morphology
- וְאָנֹכִ֨י (ve-anokhi) – Root: אנכי; Form: Conjunction + independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “And I”; Notes: Emphatic subject.
- הַיֹּ֥ום (ha-yom) – Root: יום; Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “today”; Notes: Temporal setting.
- רַךְ֙ (rakh) – Root: רך; Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “weak”; Notes: Refers to vulnerability, not physical softness alone.
- וּמָשׁ֣וּחַ (u-mashuaḥ) – Root: משח; Form: Conjunction + passive participle masculine singular; Translation: “and anointed”; Notes: Describes Dawid’s status.
- מֶ֔לֶךְ (melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “king”; Notes: In apposition to “anointed.”
- וְהָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים (ve-haʾanashim) – Root: אנש; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “and the men”; Notes: Subject of the next clause.
- הָאֵ֛לֶּה (ha-elleh) – Root: אלה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine plural with article; Translation: “these”; Notes: Specifies which men.
- בְּנֵ֥י צְרוּיָ֖ה (benei-Tseruyah) – Root: בן / צרויה; Form: Construct chain: noun masculine plural + proper noun; Translation: “sons of Tseruyah”; Notes: Refers to Yoʾav and his brothers.
- קָשִׁ֣ים (qashim) – Root: קשה; Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “hard”; Notes: Stiff or harsh in character.
- מִמֶּ֑נִּי (mimmenni) – Root: מן; Form: Preposition + 1cs suffix; Translation: “than me”; Notes: Comparative phrase.
- יְשַׁלֵּ֧ם (yeshallem) – Root: שלם; Form: Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “may He repay”; Notes: Expresses wish or prayer.
- יְהוָ֛ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb “repay.”
- לְעֹשֵׂ֥ה (le-ʿoseh) – Root: עשה; Form: Preposition + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “to the one doing”; Notes: Describes the evildoer.
- הָרָעָ֖ה (ha-raʿah) – Root: רעע; Form: Noun feminine singular with article; Translation: “the evil”; Notes: Refers to wicked deed.
- כְּרָעָתֹֽו (ke-raʿato) – Root: רעע; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular + 3ms suffix; Translation: “according to his evil”; Notes: Measure-for-measure justice.