וַ֠יָּבִאוּ אֶת־רֹ֨אשׁ אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֥שֶׁת אֶל־דָּוִד֮ חֶבְרֹון֒ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הִנֵּֽה־רֹ֣אשׁ אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁת בֶּן־שָׁאוּל֙ אֹֽיִבְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּקֵּ֖שׁ אֶת־נַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ וַיִּתֵּ֣ן יְ֠הוָה לַֽאדֹנִ֨י הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ נְקָמֹות֙ הַיֹּ֣ום הַזֶּ֔ה מִשָּׁא֖וּל וּמִזַּרְעֹֽו׃ ס
And they brought the head of Ish-Boshet to Dawid at Ḥevron, and they said to the king, “Behold the head of Ish-boshet, son of Shaʾul your enemy, who sought your life, and YHWH has given to my lord the king vengeance this day against Shaʾul and his offspring.”
Morphology
- וַ֠יָּבִאוּ (vayyaviʾu) – Root: בוא; Form: Wayyiqtol (Hifil imperfect 3mp); Translation: “And they brought”; Notes: Marks the beginning of the narrative action.
- אֶת־רֹ֨אשׁ (et-roʾsh) – Root: ראשׁ; Form: Definite direct object marker + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the head”; Notes: Object of the verb.
- אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֥שֶׁת (Ish-Boshet) – Root: איש / בשׁת; Form: Construct form + proper noun; Translation: “Ish-Boshet”; Notes: Son of Shaʾul.
- אֶל־דָּוִד (el-Dawid) – Root: אל / דוד; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Marks the recipient of the action.
- חֶבְרֹון (Ḥevron) – Root: חברון; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥevron”; Notes: Dawid’s royal city at the time.
- וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ (vayyomru) – Root: אמר; Form: Wayyiqtol (Qal imperfect 3mp); Translation: “and they said”; Notes: Introduces speech.
- אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ (el-ha-melekh) – Root: אל / מלך; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “to the king”; Notes: Direct speech to Dawid.
- הִנֵּֽה־רֹ֣אשׁ (hinneh-roʾsh) – Root: הן / ראשׁ; Form: Interjection + noun masculine singular; Translation: “Behold the head”; Notes: Attention-grabbing declaration.
- אִֽישׁ־בֹּ֗שֶׁת (Ish-Boshet) – As above.
- בֶּן־שָׁאוּל (ben-Shaʾul) – Root: בן / שאול; Form: Construct + proper noun; Translation: “son of Shaʾul”; Notes: Identifies his lineage.
- אֹֽיִבְךָ (ʾoyivkha) – Root: איב; Form: Noun masculine singular + 2ms suffix; Translation: “your enemy”; Notes: Personal adversary of Dawid.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- בִּקֵּ֖שׁ (biqqesh) – Root: בקש; Form: Piel perfect 3ms; Translation: “sought”; Notes: Emphatic verb form.
- אֶת־נַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ (et-nafshekha) – Root: נפשׁ; Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine singular + 2ms suffix; Translation: “your life”; Notes: Object of the verb “sought.”
- וַיִּתֵּ֣ן (vayyitten) – Root: נתן; Form: Wayyiqtol (Qal imperfect 3ms); Translation: “and He gave”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s action.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb “gave.”
- לַֽאדֹנִ֨י (la-adoni) – Root: אדן; Form: Preposition + noun with 1cs suffix; Translation: “to my lord”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Appositive to “my lord.”
- נְקָמֹות (neqamot) – Root: נקם; Form: Noun feminine plural (construct); Translation: “vengeances”; Notes: Justice or retribution.
- הַיֹּ֣ום הַזֶּ֔ה (ha-yom ha-zeh) – Root: יום / זה; Form: Noun + demonstrative; Translation: “this day”; Notes: Time of divine justice.
- מִשָּׁאוּל (mi-Shaʾul) – Root: מן / שאול; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “from Shaʾul”; Notes: Source of vengeance.
- וּמִזַּרְעֹֽו (u-mi-zarʿo) – Root: זרע; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular + 3ms suffix; Translation: “and from his offspring”; Notes: Refers to the dynasty or line of Shaʾul.