מִֽן־הַשִּׁיחֹ֞ור אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י מִצְרַ֗יִם וְעַ֨ד גְּב֤וּל עֶקְרֹון֙ צָפֹ֔ונָה לַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י תֵּחָשֵׁ֑ב חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים הָעַזָּתִ֤י וְהָאַשְׁדֹּודִי֙ הָאֶשְׁקְלֹונִ֣י הַגִּתִּ֔י וְהָעֶקְרֹונִ֖י וְהָעַוִּֽים׃
From the Shiḥor, which is before Mitsrayim, up to the border of ʿEqron northward, it is counted as Kenaʿani—five rulers of the Pelishtim: the ʿAzzati, the ʾAshdodi, the ʾEshqeloni, the Gitti, and the ʿEqroni, and the ʿAwwim.
Morphology
- מִֽן־הַשִּׁיחֹ֞ור (min-ha-Shiḥor) – Root: שחר (šḥr); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “From the Shihor”.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾšr); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”.
- עַל־פְּנֵ֣י (ʿal-penei) – Root: פנה (pnh); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “before”.
- מִצְרַ֗יִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (mṣr); Form: Proper noun, dual; Translation: “Mitsrayim (Egypt)”.
- וְעַ֨ד (ve-ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿd); Form: Conjunction + Preposition; Translation: “and up to”.
- גְּב֤וּל (gevul) – Root: גבול (gvl); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “border”.
- עֶקְרֹון֙ (ʿEqron) – Root: עקר (ʿqr); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Eqron”.
- צָפֹ֔ונָה (tsafonah) – Root: צפן (ṣpn); Form: Adverb; Translation: “northward”.
- לַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י (la-Kenaʿani) – Root: כנען (knʿn); Form: Noun, proper singular, definite with preposition; Translation: “to the Kenaʿani”.
- תֵּחָשֵׁ֑ב (teḥashev) – Root: חשב (ḥšv); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “it is counted”.
- חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת (ḥameshet) – Root: חמש (ḥmš); Form: Numeral, feminine construct; Translation: “five”.
- סַרְנֵ֣י (sarnei) – Root: סר (sr); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “rulers of”.
- פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשתי (plšt); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim (Philistines)”.
- הָעַזָּתִ֤י (ha-ʿAzati) – Root: עזה (ʿzh); Form: Adjective, singular definite; Translation: “the ʿAzati”.
- וְהָאַשְׁדֹּודִי֙ (ve-ha-ʾAshdodi) – Root: אשדוד (ʾšdd); Form: Adjective, singular definite; Translation: “the ʾAshdodite”.
- הָאֶשְׁקְלֹונִ֣י (ha-ʾEshqeloni) – Root: אשקלון (ʾšqlwn); Form: Adjective, singular definite; Translation: “the ʾEshqeloni”.
- הַגִּתִּ֔י (ha-Gitti) – Root: גת (gt); Form: Adjective, singular definite; Translation: “the Gitti”.
- וְהָעֶקְרֹונִ֖י (ve-ha-ʿEqroni) – Root: עקרון (ʿqrwn); Form: Adjective, singular definite; Translation: “the ʿEqroni”.
- וְהָעַוִּֽים (ve-ha-ʿAwvim) – Root: עוים (ʿwym); Form: Proper noun, plural definite; Translation: “and the ʿAwwim”.