וַיִּזְעֲק֤וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וַיָּ֨קֶם יְהוָ֥ה מֹושִׁ֛יעַ לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וַיֹּֽושִׁיעֵ֑ם אֵ֚ת עָתְנִיאֵ֣ל בֶּן־קְנַ֔ז אֲחִ֥י כָלֵ֖ב הַקָּטֹ֥ן מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃
And the sons of Yisraʾel cried out to YHWH, and YHWH raised up a deliverer for the sons of Yisraʾel, who saved them—ʿOtniel son of Qenaz, the younger brother of Kalev.
Morphology
- וַיִּזְעֲק֤וּ (vayyizʿaqu) – Root: זעק (zaʿaq); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they cried out”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel calling upon YHWH for help.
- בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (bene-Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (ben), ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with proper noun; Translation: “the sons of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה (el-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Expresses direct appeal to God.
- וַיָּ֨קֶם (vayyaqem) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He raised up”; Notes: Indicates divine appointment.
- יְהוָ֥ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject of the verb.
- מֹושִׁ֛יעַ (moshiaʿ) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “a deliverer”; Notes: Refers to a savior or rescuer.
- לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (livnei Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (ben), ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with proper noun; Translation: “for the sons of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Specifies the beneficiaries.
- וַיֹּֽושִׁיעֵ֑ם (vayyoshiʿem) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and He saved them”; Notes: Expresses divine intervention.
- אֵ֚ת עָתְנִיאֵ֣ל (et-ʿOtniel) – Root: Unknown; Form: Proper noun with direct object marker; Translation: “ʿOtniel”; Notes: Identifies the deliverer.
- בֶּן־קְנַ֔ז (ben-Qenaz) – Root: בן (ben), קנז (Qenaz); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “son of Qenaz”; Notes: Genealogical reference.
- אֲחִ֥י כָלֵ֖ב (aḥi Kalev) – Root: אח (aḥ), כלב (Kalev); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with proper noun; Translation: “the brother of Kalev”; Notes: Identifies ʿOtniel’s familial relation.
- הַקָּטֹ֥ן (ha-qaton) – Root: קטן (qatan); Form: Adjective, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the younger”; Notes: Indicates relative age.
- מִמֶּֽנּוּ (mimmennu) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from him”; Notes: Further clarifies ʿOtniel’s status relative to Kalev.