וַיָּבֹ֞א מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֗ה וַיֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ תַּ֤חַת הָֽאֵלָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּעָפְרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְיֹואָ֖שׁ אֲבִ֣י הָֽעֶזְרִ֑י וְגִדְעֹ֣ון בְּנֹ֗ו חֹבֵ֤ט חִטִּים֙ בַּגַּ֔ת לְהָנִ֖יס מִפְּנֵ֥י מִדְיָֽן׃
And the angel of YHWH came and sat under the oak that was in ʿOfra, which belonged to Yoʾash the Avi-ʿezri, and Gideʿon his son was beating wheat in the winepress to hide it from Midyan.
Morphology
- וַיָּבֹ֞א (va-yavo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And came”; Notes: Introduces the angel’s arrival.
- מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֗ה (malʾakh YHWH) – Root: מלאך (malʾakh) + יהוה (YHWH); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “The angel of YHWH”; Notes: A divine messenger.
- וַיֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ (va-yeshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And sat”; Notes: Indicates his resting place.
- תַּ֤חַת הָֽאֵלָה֙ (taḥat ha-ʾelah) – Root: אלה (ʾelah); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “under the oak”; Notes: Specifies the location.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּעָפְרָ֔ה (ʾasher be-ʿOphrah) – Root: עפרה (ʿOphrah); Form: Proper noun with relative pronoun; Translation: “that was in ʿOphrah”; Notes: Identifies the place.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְיֹואָ֖שׁ (ʾasher le-Yoʾash) – Root: יאש (Yoʾash); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “which belonged to Yoʾash”; Notes: Identifies the owner.
- אֲבִ֣י הָֽעֶזְרִ֑י (ʾAvi-haʿEzri) – Root: עזרא (ʿEzri); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “the Avi-haʿEzri”; Notes: Indicates Yoʾash’s lineage.
- וְגִדְעֹ֣ון (ve-Gidʿon) – Root: גדעון (Gidʿon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “and Gidʿon”; Notes: Refers to Yoʾash’s son.
- בְּנֹ֗ו (bno) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his son”; Notes: Shows the relationship to Yoʾash.
- חֹבֵ֤ט (ḥovet) – Root: חבט (ḥavat); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “was beating”; Notes: Indicates ongoing action.
- חִטִּים֙ (ḥittim) – Root: חטה (ḥittah); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “wheat”; Notes: Specifies the crop.
- בַּגַּ֔ת (ba-gat) – Root: גת (gat); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the winepress”; Notes: Indicates an unusual location for threshing.
- לְהָנִ֖יס (le-hanis) – Root: נוס (nus); Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to hide”; Notes: Shows the purpose of his action.
- מִפְּנֵ֥י (mi-penei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition; Translation: “from before”; Notes: Introduces the threat.
- מִדְיָֽן׃ (Midyan) – Root: מדין (Midyan); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Midyan”; Notes: Identifies the oppressors.