וְחַנָּ֗ה הִ֚יא מְדַבֶּ֣רֶת עַל־לִבָּ֔הּ רַ֚ק שְׂפָתֶ֣יהָ נָּעֹ֔ות וְקֹולָ֖הּ לֹ֣א יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ וַיַּחְשְׁבֶ֥הָ עֵלִ֖י לְשִׁכֹּרָֽה׃
And Ḥanna was speaking in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard. And ʿEli thought her to be drunk.
Morphology
- וְחַנָּ֗ה (ve-Ḥannah) – Root: חנה (Ḥannah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “And Ḥannah”; Notes: Subject of the sentence.
- הִ֚יא (hi) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “she”; Notes: Emphasizes the subject.
- מְדַבֶּ֣רֶת (medabberet) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel participle feminine singular; Translation: “was speaking”; Notes: Ongoing action.
- עַל־לִבָּ֔הּ (ʿal-libbah) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition and 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “in her heart”; Notes: Internal prayer.
- רַ֚ק (raq) – Root: רק (raq); Form: Adverb; Translation: “only”; Notes: Restricts action to the lips.
- שְׂפָתֶ֣יהָ (sefateha) – Root: שפה (safah); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her lips”; Notes: Subject of motion.
- נָּעֹ֔ות (naʿot) – Root: נוע (nuʿa); Form: Qal participle feminine plural; Translation: “were moving”; Notes: Continuous action.
- וְקֹולָ֖הּ (ve-qolah) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “but her voice”; Notes: Contrasted with moving lips.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates verb.
- יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ (yishshameaʿ) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “was heard”; Notes: Passive construction.
- וַיַּחְשְׁבֶ֥הָ (vayyaḥsheveha) – Root: חשב (ḥashav); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “And he thought her”; Notes: ʿEli’s perception.
- עֵלִ֖י (ʿEli) – Root: עלי (ʿEli); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “ʿEli”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- לְשִׁכֹּרָֽה (le-shikorah) – Root: שכר (shakar); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “to be drunk”; Notes: ʿEli mistakenly assumes intoxication.