וַתְּהִ֞י הַמַּכָּ֣ה הָרִאשֹׁנָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִכָּ֧ה יֹונָתָ֛ן וְנֹשֵׂ֥א כֵלָ֖יו כְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים אִ֑ישׁ כְּבַחֲצִ֥י מַעֲנָ֖ה צֶ֥מֶד שָׂדֶֽה׃
And the first blow that Yonatan and his armor-bearer struck was about twenty men, within about half a furrow of a yoke of land.
Morphology
- וַתְּהִ֞י (vattehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Refers to the first blow.
- הַמַּכָּ֣ה (ha-makkah) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the blow”; Notes: Refers to an inflicted strike.
- הָרִאשֹׁנָ֗ה (ha-rishonah) – Root: ראשון (rishon); Form: Adjective, feminine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the first”; Notes: Qualifies the blow.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- הִכָּ֧ה (hikkah) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “struck”; Notes: Refers to Yonatan’s action.
- יֹונָתָ֛ן (Yonatan) – Root: יונתן (Yonatan); Form: Proper noun, singular absolute; Translation: “Yonatan”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- וְנֹשֵׂ֥א (ve-nose) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular absolute with conjunction; Translation: “and the bearer of”; Notes: Refers to the armor-bearer.
- כֵלָ֖יו (kelav) – Root: כלי (keli); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his armor”; Notes: Refers to weapons or equipment.
- כְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים (ke-ʿesrim) – Root: עשרים (ʿesrim); Form: Cardinal number; Translation: “about twenty”; Notes: Refers to the number of men.
- אִ֑ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “men”; Notes: Refers to the slain Pelishtim.
- כְּבַחֲצִ֥י (ke-vaḥatsi) – Root: חצי (ḥatsi); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “within about half”; Notes: Measures the area.
- מַעֲנָ֖ה (maʿanah) – Root: מענה (maʿaneh); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “a furrow”; Notes: Refers to an agricultural measurement.
- צֶ֥מֶד (tsemed) – Root: צמד (tsamed); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “of a yoke”; Notes: Refers to the yoking of oxen.
- שָׂדֶֽה׃ (sadeh) – Root: שדה (sadeh); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “of land”; Notes: Agricultural context.