וַיִּכְרְת֧וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֛ם בְּרִ֖ית לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב דָּוִד֙ בַּחֹ֔רְשָׁה וִיהֹונָתָ֖ן הָלַ֥ךְ לְבֵיתֹֽו׃ ס
And the two of them made a covenant before YHWH, and Dawid remained in Ḥoresh while Yehonatan went to his house.
Morphology
- וַיִּכְרְת֧וּ (vayikhretu) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they made (cut)”; Notes: Refers to making a covenant, metaphorically “cutting” a covenant.
- שְׁנֵיהֶ֛ם (sheneihem) – Root: שנים (shnayim); Form: Dual noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “the two of them”; Notes: Refers to Dawid and Yehonatan.
- בְּרִ֖ית (berit) – Root: ברית (berit); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “covenant”; Notes: A formal agreement or promise.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פני (panim); Form: Preposition with noun in construct form; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates presence before someone.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, referring to the God of Yisraʾel.
- וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב (vayeshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he remained”; Notes: Indicates continued residence.
- דָּוִד֙ (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid.
- בַּחֹ֔רְשָׁה (baḥorshah) – Root: חרש (ḥoresh); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “in Ḥoresh”; Notes: A specific location.
- וִיהֹונָתָ֖ן (vi-Yehonatan) – Root: יהונתן (Yehonatan); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “And Yehonatan”; Notes: Refers to the son of Shaʾul.
- הָלַ֥ךְ (halakh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “went”; Notes: Indicates movement.
- לְבֵיתֹֽו (leveito) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to his house”; Notes: Indicates Yehonatan’s departure home.