מִי־זֶ֣ה בָּ֣א מֵאֱדֹ֗ום חֲמ֤וּץ בְּגָדִים֙ מִבָּצְרָ֔ה זֶ֚ה הָד֣וּר בִּלְבוּשֹׁ֔ו צֹעֶ֖ה בְּרֹ֣ב כֹּחֹ֑ו אֲנִ֛י מְדַבֵּ֥ר בִּצְדָקָ֖ה רַ֥ב לְהֹושִֽׁיעַ׃
Who is this coming from Edom, with dyed garments from Botsra? This one splendid in his clothing, striding in the greatness of his strength? “I, speaking in righteousness, mighty to save.”
Morphology
- מִי־ (mi) – Root: מי (mi); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “Who?”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical or dramatic question.
- זֶ֣ה (zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “is this”; Notes: Refers to the figure approaching in the scene.
- בָּ֣א (ba) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “coming”; Notes: Describes continuous or imminent action.
- מֵאֱדֹ֗ום (me-ʾEdom) – Root: אדום (ʾEdom); Form: Preposition מִן + proper noun; Translation: “from Edom”; Notes: Edom symbolizes enemy or judgment in prophetic literature.
- חֲמ֤וּץ (ḥamuts) – Root: חמץ (ḥamats); Form: Passive participle masculine singular; Translation: “stained” or “dyed”; Notes: Possibly bloodstained, suggesting judgment.
- בְּגָדִים (begadim) – Root: בגד (beged); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “garments”; Notes: Refers to external appearance, affected by action or identity.
- מִבָּצְרָ֔ה (mi-Botsrah) – Root: בצר (Botsrah); Form: Preposition מִן + proper noun; Translation: “from Botsrah”; Notes: Major Edomite city, symbolizing military target or judgment focus.
- זֶ֚ה (zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “This one”; Notes: Repeats for dramatic identification of the figure.
- הָד֣וּר (hadur) – Root: הדר (hadar); Form: Passive participle masculine singular; Translation: “splendid” or “glorious”; Notes: Denotes majestic appearance or attire.
- בִּלְבוּשֹׁ֔ו (bilvusho) – Root: לבש (lavash); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his clothing”; Notes: Further emphasizes royal or martial appearance.
- צֹעֶ֖ה (tsoʿeh) – Root: צעה (tsaʿah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “striding” or “marching”; Notes: Indicates proud or confident movement.
- בְּרֹ֣ב (be-rov) – Root: רבב (rav); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “in the greatness of”; Notes: Introduces the quality or magnitude.
- כֹּחֹ֑ו (koḥo) – Root: כח (koach); Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his strength”; Notes: Points to divine or heroic power.
- אֲנִ֛י (ani) – Root: –; Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Begins the direct response from the figure introduced.
- מְדַבֵּ֥ר (medabber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “speaking”; Notes: Highlights intentional proclamation.
- בִּצְדָקָ֖ה (bi-tsedaqah) – Root: צדק (tsedeq); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in righteousness”; Notes: Declares the just cause or nature of speech or action.
- רַ֥ב (rav) – Root: רבב (rav); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “mighty” or “great”; Notes: Qualifies the next verb with strength.
- לְהֹושִֽׁיעַ (le-hoshiʿa) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to save”; Notes: Expresses purpose — salvation as the aim of this figure’s mission.