Jeremiah 10:11

כִּדְנָה֙ תֵּאמְר֣וּן לְהֹ֔ום אֱלָ֣הַיָּ֔א דִּֽי־שְׁמַיָּ֥א וְאַרְקָ֖א לָ֣א עֲבַ֑דוּ יֵאבַ֧דוּ מֵֽאַרְעָ֛א וּמִן־תְּחֹ֥ות שְׁמַיָּ֖א אֵֽלֶּה׃ ס

Thus you shall say to them: The gods who did not make the heavens and the earth shall perish from the earth and from under the heavens.

Morphology

1. כִּדְנָה֙ (kidnah) – Root: דנה (denah); Form: Aramaic adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Introduces direct speech or instruction.
2. תֵּאמְר֣וּן (teʾamrun) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Peʿal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall say”; Notes: Imperative tone addressing a group.
3. לְהֹ֔ום (le-hon) – Root: הם (hon); Form: Preposition לְ + third person masculine plural pronominal suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Indicates the recipients of the declaration.
4. אֱלָ֣הַיָּ֔א (ʾelahayya) – Root: אלה (ʾelah); Form: Aramaic noun masculine plural emphatic; Translation: “the gods”; Notes: Refers to false deities in contrast to the true God.
5. דִּֽי־שְׁמַיָּ֥א (di-shemayya) – Root: שׁמי (shemay); Form: Relative particle + noun masculine plural emphatic; Translation: “who [the] heavens”; Notes: Begins a relative clause modifying the gods.
6. וְאַרְקָ֖א (ve-arkaʾ) – Root: ארק (ʾarak); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular emphatic; Translation: “and the earth”; Notes: Paired with “heavens” as a merism for the universe.
7. לָ֣א (la) – Root: Aramaic negative particle; Form: Negative adverb; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denies the following verb.
8. עֲבַ֑דוּ (ʿavadu) – Root: עבד (ʿavad); Form: Peʿal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they made”; Notes: Asserts the gods’ failure to create heaven and earth.
9. יֵאבַ֧דוּ (yeʾevadu) – Root: אבד (ʾavad); Form: Peʿal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall perish”; Notes: Prophetic declaration of destruction.
10. מֵֽאַרְעָ֛א (me-ʾarʿa) – Root: ארק (ʾarak); Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular emphatic; Translation: “from the earth”; Notes: Indicates removal from the created world.
11. וּמִן־תְּחֹ֥ות (u-min-teḥot) – Root: תחו (taḥot); Form: Conjunction + preposition מִן + noun feminine plural; Translation: “and from under”; Notes: Emphasizes total eradication.
12. שְׁמַיָּ֖א (shemayya) – Root: שׁמי (shemay); Form: Noun masculine plural emphatic; Translation: “the heavens”; Notes: Paired with “earth” to express cosmic scope.
13. אֵֽלֶּה (elleh) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Demonstrative pronoun plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers back to the false gods being addressed.