וְהִנֵּ֨ה נָטִ֤יתִי יָדִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וָאֶגְרַ֖ע חֻקֵּ֑ךְ וָאֶתְּנֵ֞ךְ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ שֹׂנְאֹותַ֨יִךְ֙ בְּנֹ֣ות פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הַנִּכְלָמֹ֖ות מִדַּרְכֵּ֥ךְ זִמָּֽה׃
And behold, I stretched out my hand against you, and I diminished your allotted portion, and I gave you to the soul of those who hate you, the daughters of the Pelishtim, who are ashamed of your way of lewdness.
Morphology
- וְהִנֵּה (ve-hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Calls attention to the action that follows.
- נָטִיתִי (natiti) – Root: נטה (natah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I stretched out”; Notes: A gesture of judgment or power.
- יָדִי (yadi) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my hand”; Notes: Symbol of divine action and authority.
- עָלַיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Marks the target of divine judgment.
- וָאֶגְרַע (va-egraʿ) – Root: גרע (garaʿ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 1st person singular; Translation: “and I diminished”; Notes: Refers to cutting off or reducing the share or allotted portion.
- חֻקֵּךְ (ḥuqek) – Root: חק (ḥoq); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your statutes / your allotted portion”; Notes: Likely refers here to privileges or inheritance.
- וָאֶתְּנֵךְ (va-ettenekh) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 1st person singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and I gave you”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s act of delivering Jerusalem into the hands of enemies.
- בְּנֶפֶשׁ (be-nefesh) – Root: נפשׁ (nefesh); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “to the soul”; Notes: Idiomatically means “into the power” or “disposal” of others.
- שֹׂנְאֹותַיִךְ (sonʾotayikh) – Root: שׂנא (saneʾ); Form: Qal participle feminine plural construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “those who hate you”; Notes: Refers to hostile nations or peoples.
- בְּנֹות (benot) – Root: בת (bat); Form: Noun feminine plural construct; Translation: “the daughters of”; Notes: Refers to the women or cities of the Pelishtim, figuratively as descendants.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשׁת (Peleshet); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Traditional enemies of Yisraʾel.
- הַנִּכְלָמוֹת (ha-nikhlamot) – Root: כלם (kalam); Form: Niphal participle feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “who are ashamed”; Notes: Denotes their scorn toward Jerusalem’s indecent behavior.
- מִדַּרְכֵּךְ (mi-darkekh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “of your way”; Notes: Refers to conduct or manner of life.
- זִמָּה (zimmah) – Root: זמם (zamam); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “lewdness”; Notes: Strong moral term for wicked or indecent behavior.