Deuteronomy 1:42

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י אֱמֹ֤ר לָהֶם֙ לֹ֤א תַֽעֲלוּ֙ וְלֹא־תִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ כִּ֥י אֵינֶ֖נִּי בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃

And YHWH said to me, ‘Say to them: You shall not go up, nor shall you fight, for I am not among you, lest you be struck down before your enemies.’

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾmr); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
2. יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
3. אֵלַ֗י (ʾelai) – Root: אל (ʾl); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Indicates direction.
4. אֱמֹ֤ר (ʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾmr); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Say”; Notes: Direct command.
5. לָהֶם֙ (lahem) – Root: ל (l) + הם (hm); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
6. לֹ֤א תַֽעֲלוּ֙ (lo taʿalu) – Root: עלה (ʿlh); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “You shall not go up”; Notes: Prohibitive command.
7. וְלֹא־תִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ (velo-tillakḥamu) – Root: לחם (lḥm); Form: Niphal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “nor shall you fight”; Notes: Continues the prohibition.
8. כִּ֥י (ki) – Root: כי (ky); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason.
9. אֵינֶ֖נִּי (ʾeineni) – Root: אין (ʾyn); Form: Particle of non-existence with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “I am not”; Notes: Emphasizes divine absence.
10. בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם (beqirb’khem) – Root: קרב (qrb); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “among you”; Notes: Indicates proximity.
11. וְלֹא֙ (velo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “lest”; Notes: Expresses caution.
12. תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ (tinnagg’fu) – Root: נגף (ngf); Form: Niphal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you be struck down”; Notes: Passive voice.
13. לִפְנֵ֖י (lifnei) – Root: פני (pny); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates position.
14. אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃ (ʾoyveikhem) – Root: אויב (ʾyb); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your enemies”; Notes: Refers to opposing forces.