וַיֵּצֵ֨א הָאֱמֹרִ֜י הַיֹּשֵׁ֨ב בָּהָ֤ר הַהוּא֙ לִקְרַאתְכֶ֔ם וַיִּרְדְּפ֣וּ אֶתְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה הַדְּבֹרִ֑ים וַֽיַּכְּת֥וּ אֶתְכֶ֛ם בְּשֵׂעִ֖יר עַד־חָרְמָֽה׃
Then the Emori who lived in that hill country came out against you and chased you as bees do, and they struck you down in Seʿir as far as Ḥorma.
Morphology
- וַיֵּצֵ֨א (vayyetze) – Root: יצא (yṣʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “Then he went out”; Notes: Describes the action of the Amorites.
- הָאֱמֹרִ֜י (haʾemori) – Root: אמר (ʾmr); Form: Proper noun with definite article; Translation: “the Amorites”; Notes: Refers to a Canaanite people group.
- הַיֹּשֵׁ֨ב (hayyoshev) – Root: ישׁב (yšb); Form: Qal participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “who lived”; Notes: Indicates continuous action.
- בָּהָ֤ר (bahar) – Root: הר (hr); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the hill country”; Notes: Refers to a specific geographical region.
- הַהוּא֙ (hahū) – Root: הוא (hwʾ); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “that”; Notes: Specifies the hill country mentioned.
- לִקְרַאתְכֶ֔ם (liqratkhem) – Root: קרא (qrʾ); Form: Preposition + infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to meet you”; Notes: Indicates confrontation.
- וַיִּרְדְּפ֣וּ (vayyird’fu) – Root: רדף (rdf); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they chased”; Notes: Describes pursuit.
- אֶתְכֶ֔ם (ʾetkhem) – Root: את (ʾt); Form: Direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾšr); Form: Comparative particle; Translation: “as”; Notes: Indicates a simile.
- תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה (taʿasena) – Root: עשה (ʿśh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “do”; Notes: Refers to the actions of bees.
- הַדְּבֹרִ֑ים (hadd’vorim) – Root: דבורה (dbrh); Form: Noun, feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “the bees”; Notes: Emphasizes the intensity of the attack.
- וַֽיַּכְּת֥וּ (vayyakkut) – Root: נכה (nkh); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they struck”; Notes: Describes the violent action.
- אֶתְכֶ֛ם (ʾetkhem) – Root: את (ʾt); Form: Direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers again to the Israelites.
- בְּשֵׂעִ֖יר (b’seʿir) – Root: שעיר (śʿyr); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “in Seʿir”; Notes: A mountainous region.
- עַד־חָרְמָֽה׃ (ʿad-Ḥormah) – Root: חרם (ḥrm); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “as far as Ḥormah”; Notes: Indicates the extent of the pursuit.