לֹֽא־תוּכַ֞ל לֶאֱכֹ֣ל בִּשְׁעָרֶ֗יךָ מַעְשַׂ֤ר דְּגָֽנְךָ֙ וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ וְיִצְהָרֶ֔ךָ וּבְכֹרֹ֥ת בְּקָרְךָ֖ וְצֹאנֶ֑ךָ וְכָל־נְדָרֶ֨יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּדֹּ֔ר וְנִדְבֹתֶ֖יךָ וּתְרוּמַ֥ת יָדֶֽךָ׃
You may not eat within your gates the tithe of your grain, or your wine, or your oil, or the firstborn of your herd and your flock, or any of your vows which you vow, or your freewill offerings, or the offering of your hand.
Morphology
- לֹֽא־תוּכַ֞ל (lo-tukhal) – Root: יכול (yakhol); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You may not”; Notes: Expresses prohibition or inability.
- לֶאֱכֹ֣ל (leʾekhol) – Root: אכל (achal); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to eat”; Notes: Refers to the act of consuming.
- בִּשְׁעָרֶ֗יךָ (bi-sheʿarekha) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “within your gates”; Notes: Refers to the local towns or communities.
- מַעְשַׂ֤ר (maʿsar) – Root: עשר (ʿasar); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the tithe”; Notes: Refers to the tenth portion of produce set aside for sacred use.
- דְּגָֽנְךָ֙ (degankha) – Root: דגן (dagan); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “of your grain”; Notes: Refers to harvested produce.
- וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֣ (ve-tiroshkha) – Root: תירוש (tirosh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your wine”; Notes: Refers to new wine or unfermented juice.
- וְיִצְהָרֶ֔ךָ (ve-yitzharkha) – Root: יצהר (yitzhar); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your oil”; Notes: Refers to olive oil.
- וּבְכֹרֹ֥ת (u-vekhorot) – Root: בכור (bekhor); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the firstborn of”; Notes: Refers to the first offspring of animals.
- בְּקָרְךָ֖ (bekarkha) – Root: בקר (bakar); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your herd”; Notes: Refers to cattle or livestock.
- וְצֹאנֶ֑ךָ (ve-tzonkha) – Root: צאן (tzon); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your flock”; Notes: Refers to sheep or goats.
- וְכָל־ (ve-kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with conjunction; Translation: “and any of”; Notes: Refers to anything included in the category.
- נְדָרֶ֨יךָ֙ (nedarekha) – Root: נדר (neder); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your vows”; Notes: Refers to promises or pledges made to YHWH.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- תִּדֹּ֔ר (tidor) – Root: נדר (nadar); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you vow”; Notes: Refers to the act of making a vow or promise.
- וְנִדְבֹתֶ֖יךָ (ve-nidvoteikha) – Root: נדב (nadav); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your freewill offerings”; Notes: Refers to voluntary offerings given freely.
- וּתְרוּמַ֥ת (u-terumat) – Root: רום (rum); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with conjunction; Translation: “and the offering of”; Notes: Refers to contributions or offerings set aside.
- יָדֶֽךָ׃ (yadekha) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your hand”; Notes: Refers to offerings given through one’s effort or labor.