כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א לַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה עַל־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ וְֽרָאִ֜יתָ ס֤וּס וָרֶ֨כֶב֙ עַ֚ם רַ֣ב מִמְּךָ֔ לֹ֥א תִירָ֖א מֵהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ הַמַּֽעַלְךָ֖ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
When you go out to battle against your enemies and see horses and chariots, a people more numerous than you, do not fear them, for YHWH your God is with you, who brought you up out of the land of Mitsrayim.
Morphology
- כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א (ki-tetse) – Root: יצא (yatsa); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “When you go out”; Notes: Introduces a hypothetical scenario of going to war.
- לַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה (la-milchamah) – Root: לחם (lacham); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “to the battle”; Notes: Refers to armed conflict.
- עַל־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ (al-oyveikha) – Root: אויב (oyev); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “against your enemies”; Notes: Indicates the opposing forces.
- וְֽרָאִ֜יתָ (ve-ra’ita) – Root: ראה (ra’ah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and you see”; Notes: Refers to observing the enemy’s forces.
- ס֤וּס (sus) – Root: סוס (sus); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “horse”; Notes: Refers to cavalry in battle.
- וָרֶ֨כֶב֙ (va-rekhev) – Root: רכב (rekhev); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and chariots”; Notes: Refers to war chariots.
- עַ֚ם (am) – Root: עם (am); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a people”; Notes: Refers to the opposing army.
- רַ֣ב (rav) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “more numerous”; Notes: Describes the size of the opposing force.
- מִמְּךָ֔ (mi-mekha) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “than you”; Notes: Indicates comparison.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “do not”; Notes: Prohibits fear.
- תִירָ֖א (tira) – Root: ירא (yare); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “fear”; Notes: Refers to being afraid.
- מֵהֶ֑ם (mehem) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the opposing forces.
- כִּֽי־יְהוָ֤ה (ki-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “for YHWH”; Notes: Refers to God’s presence as a source of reassurance.
- אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ (Elohekha) – Root: אלה (elah); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Refers to the covenant relationship.
- עִמָּ֔ךְ (immakh) – Root: עם (am); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “is with you”; Notes: Emphasizes divine support.
- הַמַּֽעַלְךָ֖ (ha-ma’alkha) – Root: עלה (alah); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular with definite article and 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “who brought you up”; Notes: Refers to God’s deliverance.
- מֵאֶ֥רֶץ (me-eretz) – Root: ארץ (eretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “from the land”; Notes: Refers to Mitsrayim (Egypt).
- מִצְרָֽיִם׃ (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (Mitsrayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to the place of Israel’s bondage.