כִּ֤י תִבְנֶה֙ בַּ֣יִת חָדָ֔שׁ וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ מַעֲקֶ֖ה לְגַגֶּ֑ךָ וְלֹֽא־תָשִׂ֤ים דָּמִים֙ בְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָ כִּֽי־יִפֹּ֥ל הַנֹּפֵ֖ל מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ ס
When you build a new house, you shall make a parapet for your roof, so that you do not bring bloodguilt upon your house if someone falls from it.
Morphology
- כִּ֤י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
- תִבְנֶה֙ (tivne) – Root: בנה (bana); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you build”; Notes: Refers to construction.
- בַּ֣יִת (bayit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “house”; Notes: Direct object.
- חָדָ֔שׁ (ḥadash) – Root: חדש (ḥadash); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “new”; Notes: Modifies “house.”
- וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ (ve’asita) – Root: עשה (asa); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall make”; Notes: Command form.
- מַעֲקֶ֖ה (ma’aqeh) – Root: עקה (aqah); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “parapet”; Notes: A safety railing.
- לְגַגֶּ֑ךָ (le-gagekha) – Root: גג (gag); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “for your roof”; Notes: Specifies the location.
- וְלֹֽא־תָשִׂ֤ים (ve-lo-tasim) – Root: שים (sim); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and you shall not bring”; Notes: Prohibitive command.
- דָּמִים֙ (damim) – Root: דם (dam); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “bloodguilt”; Notes: Refers to liability for loss of life.
- בְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָ (be-veitekha) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “upon your house”; Notes: Specifies responsibility.
- כִּֽי־יִפֹּ֥ל (ki-yippol) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “if someone falls”; Notes: Conditional clause.
- הַנֹּפֵ֖ל (ha-nofel) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “the one falling”; Notes: Noun form describing potential victim.
- מִמֶּֽנּוּ (mimmenu) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition + pronominal suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “from it”; Notes: Refers to the house/roof.