וּפֶן־תִּשָּׂ֨א עֵינֶ֜יךָ הַשָּׁמַ֗יְמָה וְֽ֠רָאִיתָ אֶת־הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְאֶת־הַיָּרֵ֜חַ וְאֶת־הַכֹּֽוכָבִ֗ים כֹּ֚ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ לָהֶ֖ם וַעֲבַדְתָּ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָלַ֜ק יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְכֹל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃
Lest you lift up your eyes to the heavens and see the sun, the moon, and the stars, all the host of the heavens, and be drawn away to bow down to them and serve them, which YHWH your God has allotted to all the peoples under the whole heavens.
Morphology
- וּפֶן־תִּשָּׂ֨א (u-pen-tissa) – Root: נשא (nasa); Form: Conjunction with Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Lest you lift up”; Notes: Expresses caution against an action.
- עֵינֶ֜יךָ (ʿeineikha) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun, dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your eyes”; Notes: Refers to visual perception.
- הַשָּׁמַ֗יְמָה (ha-shamaymah) – Root: שמים (shamayim); Form: Noun, masculine plural with directional suffix; Translation: “to the heavens”; Notes: Indicates looking upwards.
- וְרָאִיתָ (ve-raʾita) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and see”; Notes: Refers to observing or noticing.
- אֶת־הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ (ʾet-ha-shemesh) – Root: שמש (shemesh); Form: Direct object marker with noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the sun”; Notes: Refers to the celestial body.
- וְאֶת־הַיָּרֵ֜חַ (ve-ʾet-ha-yareach) – Root: ירח (yareach); Form: Conjunction with direct object marker and noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and the moon”; Notes: Refers to the moon.
- וְאֶת־הַכֹּֽוכָבִ֗ים (ve-ʾet-ha-kokhavim) – Root: כוכב (kokhav); Form: Conjunction with direct object marker and noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and the stars”; Notes: Refers to celestial bodies.
- כֹּ֚ל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Indicates entirety.
- צְבָ֣א (tzvaʾ) – Root: צבא (tzava); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “host”; Notes: Refers to an organized array, often of heavenly bodies.
- הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם (ha-shamayim) – Root: שמים (shamayim); Form: Definite article with noun, masculine plural; Translation: “of the heavens”; Notes: Refers to the sky or celestial realm.
- וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ (ve-niddachta) – Root: נדח (nadach); Form: Nifal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and be drawn away”; Notes: Indicates being led astray.
- וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ (ve-hishtachaʿvita) – Root: שחה (shacha); Form: Hishtafel perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and bow down”; Notes: Refers to an act of worship or reverence.
- לָהֶ֖ם (lahem) – Root: ל (la) + הם (hem); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the celestial bodies.
- וַעֲבַדְתָּ֑ם (vaʿavadta) – Root: עבד (ʿavad); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and serve them”; Notes: Refers to performing acts of service or worship.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
- חָלַ֜ק (ḥalaq) – Root: חלק (ḥalaq); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has allotted”; Notes: Refers to apportioning or distributing.
- יְהוָ֤ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ (ʾelohekha) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Refers to the deity of Israel.
- אֹתָ֔ם (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the celestial bodies.
- לְכֹל֙ (le-khol) – Root: כל (khol); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to all”; Notes: Indicates universality.
- הָֽעַמִּ֔ים (ha-amim) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Definite article with noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the peoples”; Notes: Refers to nations or groups of people.
- תַּ֖חַת (taḥat) – Root: תחת (taḥat); Form: Preposition; Translation: “under”; Notes: Indicates location beneath.
- כָּל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם (kol-ha-shamayim) – Root: שמים (shamayim); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with definite article; Translation: “the whole heavens”; Notes: Refers to the entirety of the sky or celestial realm.