Exodus 10:22

וַיֵּ֥ט מֹשֶׁ֛ה אֶת־יָדֹ֖ו עַל־הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַיְהִ֧י חֹֽשֶׁךְ־אֲפֵלָ֛ה בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים׃

And Moshe stretched out his hand toward the heavens, and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Mitsrayim for three days.

Morphology

1. וַיֵּ֥ט (vayyet) – Root: נטה (n-t-h); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he stretched out”; Notes: Refers to Moshe extending his hand as commanded.
2. מֹשֶׁ֛ה (Moshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses.
3. אֶת־יָדֹ֖ו (et-yado) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, feminine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “His hand”; Notes: Refers to Moshe’s hand.
4. עַל־הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם (ʿal-hashamayim) – Root: שמים (sh-m-y-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “Toward the heavens”; Notes: Indicates the direction of Moshe’s action.
5. וַיְהִ֧י (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And there was”; Notes: Describes the resulting condition.
6. חֹֽשֶׁךְ־אֲפֵלָ֛ה (ḥoshekh-afelah) – Root: חשך (ḥ-sh-k) + אפל (ʾ-p-l); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “Thick darkness”; Notes: Describes the nature of the plague.
7. בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ (bekhol-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “In all the land of”; Notes: Emphasizes the extent of the darkness.
8. מִצְרַ֖יִם (mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Refers to the affected region.
9. שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת (sheloshet) – Root: שלש (sh-l-sh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “Three”; Notes: Indicates the duration of the darkness.
10. יָמִֽים׃ (yamim) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Days”; Notes: Refers to the time span of the plague.