Exodus 13:21

וַֽיהוָ֡ה הֹלֵךְ֩ לִפְנֵיהֶ֨ם יֹומָ֜ם בְּעַמּ֤וּד עָנָן֙ לַנְחֹתָ֣ם הַדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְלַ֛יְלָה בְּעַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ לְהָאִ֣יר לָהֶ֑ם לָלֶ֖כֶת יֹומָ֥ם וָלָֽיְלָה׃

And YHWH went before them by day in a pillar of cloud to lead them on the way, and by night in a pillar of fire to give them light, so that they could travel by day and by night.

Morphology

1. וַֽיהוָ֡ה (vayhwh) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Conjunction + Proper noun; Translation: “And YHWH”; Notes: Refers to God leading the Israelites.
2. הֹלֵךְ֩ (holekh) – Root: הלך (h-l-k); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine singular; Translation: “Going”; Notes: Indicates continuous action of God moving before them.
3. לִפְנֵיהֶ֨ם (lifnehem) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine plural construct + 3mp suffix; Translation: “Before them”; Notes: Refers to God leading the Israelites.
4. יֹומָ֜ם (yomam) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Adverb; Translation: “By day”; Notes: Specifies the time of day.
5. בְּעַמּ֤וּד עָנָן֙ (beʿammud ʿanan) – Root: עמד (ʿ-m-d) and ענן (ʿ-n-n); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “In a pillar of cloud”; Notes: Refers to the divine presence guiding them.
6. לַנְחֹתָ֣ם (lanḥotam) – Root: נחה (n-ḥ-h); Form: Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct + 3mp suffix; Translation: “To lead them”; Notes: Indicates God’s purpose in going before them.
7. הַדֶּ֔רֶךְ (haderekh) – Root: דרך (d-r-kh); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The way”; Notes: Refers to the route they traveled.
8. וְלַ֛יְלָה (velaylah) – Root: ליל (l-y-l); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “And by night”; Notes: Indicates the time period.
9. בְּעַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ (beʿammud esh) – Root: עמד (ʿ-m-d) and אש (ʾ-sh); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct + Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “In a pillar of fire”; Notes: Refers to the divine presence at night.
10. לְהָאִ֣יר (lehaʾir) – Root: אור (ʾ-w-r); Form: Preposition + Verb, Hiphil, Infinitive construct; Translation: “To give light”; Notes: Refers to illuminating the path for the Israelites.
11. לָהֶ֑ם (lahem) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + 3mp suffix; Translation: “For them”; Notes: Indicates the recipients of the light.
12. לָלֶ֖כֶת (lalekhet) – Root: הלך (h-l-k); Form: Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct; Translation: “To go”; Notes: Refers to their movement.
13. יֹומָ֥ם (yomam) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Adverb; Translation: “By day”; Notes: Reiterates the time frame for their journey.
14. וָלָֽיְלָה׃ (valaylah) – Root: ליל (l-y-l); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “And by night”; Notes: Completes the time frame for their journey.