אִם־כֶּ֣סֶף תַּלְוֶ֣ה אֶת־עַמִּ֗י אֶת־הֶֽעָנִי֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹא־תִהְיֶ֥ה לֹ֖ו כְּנֹשֶׁ֑ה לֹֽא־תְשִׂימ֥וּן עָלָ֖יו נֶֽשֶׁךְ׃
If you lend money to My people, the poor among you, you shall not act toward him as a creditor; you shall not impose interest upon him.
Morphology
- אִם־כֶּ֣סֶף (im-kesef) – Root: כסף (k-s-p); Form: Conditional particle + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “If money”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause about lending.
- תַּלְוֶ֣ה (talveh) – Root: לוה (l-v-h); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “You lend”; Notes: Indicates the action of extending a loan.
- אֶת־עַמִּ֗י (et-ʿammi) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular construct with 1cs suffix; Translation: “My people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- אֶת־הֶֽעָנִי֙ (et-heʿani) – Root: ענה (ʿ-n-h); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The poor”; Notes: Emphasizes the vulnerable group.
- עִמָּ֔ךְ (immakh) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Preposition with 2ms suffix; Translation: “Among you”; Notes: Refers to those within the community.
- לֹא־תִהְיֶ֥ה (lo-tiḥyeh) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Negative particle + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2ms; Translation: “You shall not be”; Notes: Prohibitive statement.
- לֹ֖ו (lo) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “Toward him”; Notes: Refers to the borrower.
- כְּנֹשֶׁ֑ה (kenosheh) – Root: נשה (n-sh-h); Form: Preposition + Participle, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “As a creditor”; Notes: Refers to someone demanding repayment.
- לֹֽא־תְשִׂימ֥וּן (lo-tesimun) – Root: שים (s-y-m); Form: Negative particle + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 2mp; Translation: “You shall not impose”; Notes: Prohibition against placing financial burden.
- עָלָ֖יו (ʿalav) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “Upon him”; Notes: Refers to the borrower.
- נֶֽשֶׁךְ (neshekh) – Root: נשׁך (n-sh-k); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Interest”; Notes: Refers to financial gain from a loan.