וַיַּ֧עַשׂ אֶת־הַחֹ֛שֶׁן מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חֹשֵׁ֖ב כְּמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה אֵפֹ֑ד זָהָ֗ב תְּכֵ֧לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן וְתֹולַ֥עַת שָׁנִ֖י וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָֽר׃
And he made the breastpiece, the work of a skilled craftsman, like the work of the ephod: of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine twisted linen.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֧עַשׂ (vayyaʿas) – Root: עשׂה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal wayyiqtol, third person singular masculine; Translation: “And he made”; Notes: Indicates the action of crafting.
- אֶת־הַחֹ֛שֶׁן (et-haḥoshen) – Root: חשׁן (ḥ-sh-n); Form: Direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The breastpiece”; Notes: Refers to the sacred breastpiece worn by the high priest.
- מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה (maʿaseh) – Root: עשׂה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “The work of”; Notes: Describes the type of craftsmanship.
- חֹשֵׁ֖ב (ḥoshev) – Root: חשׁב (ḥ-sh-b); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “A skilled craftsman”; Notes: Refers to an artisan skilled in embroidery or weaving.
- כְּמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה (kemaʿaseh) – Root: עשׂה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “Like the work of”; Notes: Indicates similarity to the ephod’s craftsmanship.
- אֵפֹ֑ד (efod) – Root: אפד (ʾ-p-d); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “The ephod”; Notes: Refers to the priestly garment.
- זָהָ֗ב (zahav) – Root: זהב (z-h-v); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Gold”; Notes: A precious material used for sacred objects.
- תְּכֵ֧לֶת (tekelet) – Root: תכלת (t-k-l-t); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Blue”; Notes: Refers to a precious blue dye.
- וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן (veargaman) – Root: ארגמן (ʾ-r-g-m-n); Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “And purple”; Notes: A dye made from marine mollusks.
- וְתֹולַ֥עַת (vetolaʿat) – Root: תולע (t-w-l-ʿ); Form: Conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “And scarlet”; Notes: Derived from the crimson worm *Kermes vermilio*.
- שָׁנִ֖י (shani) – Root: שני (sh-n-y); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Crimson”; Notes: Emphasizes the vibrant red color.
- וְשֵׁ֥שׁ (veshesh) – Root: שש (sh-sh); Form: Conjunction + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “And fine linen”; Notes: Indicates high-quality woven material.
- מָשְׁזָֽר (mashzar) – Root: שזר (sh-z-r); Form: Participle, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Twisted”; Notes: Refers to the preparation of the linen threads.