אֱמֹ֛ר אֶל־טָחֵ֥י תָפֵ֖ל וְיִפֹּ֑ל הָיָ֣ה גֶּ֣שֶׁם שֹׁוטֵ֗ף וְאַתֵּ֜נָה אַבְנֵ֤י אֶלְגָּבִישׁ֙ תִּפֹּ֔לְנָה וְר֥וּחַ סְעָרֹ֖ות תְּבַקֵּֽעַ׃
say to those who plaster with whitewash, that it shall fall. There shall be an overflowing rain, and you, O great hailstones, shall fall, and a stormy wind shall break it apart.
Morphology
- אֱמֹ֛ר (emor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Say”; Notes: Direct command to the prophet.
- אֶל־טָחֵ֥י (el-taḥei) – Root: טוח (taḥah); Form: Preposition + Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “to those who plaster”; Notes: Addressed to the false builders or prophets.
- תָפֵ֖ל (tafel) – Root: תפל (tafel); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “whitewash”; Notes: Symbol of false covering and deception.
- וְיִפֹּ֑ל (ve-yippol) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “that it shall fall”; Notes: Prediction of collapse.
- הָיָ֣ה (hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “there shall be”; Notes: Functions idiomatically as a future certainty.
- גֶּ֣שֶׁם (geshem) – Root: גשׁם (geshem); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “rain”; Notes: Refers to heavy rainfall.
- שֹׁוטֵ֗ף (shoteif) – Root: שטף (shataf); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “overflowing”; Notes: Describes an overwhelming downpour.
- וְאַתֵּ֜נָה (ve-attenah) – Root: אתה (attah); Form: Independent pronoun 2nd person feminine plural; Translation: “and you”; Notes: Direct address to the hailstones in personified form.
- אַבְנֵ֤י (avnei) – Root: אבן (even); Form: Noun feminine plural construct; Translation: “stones of”; Notes: Construct linking to the following word.
- אֶלְגָּבִישׁ֙ (el-gavish) – Root: גבשׁ (gavish); Form: Noun masculine singular (collective); Translation: “hailstone”; Notes: Refers to large hail, destructive in nature.
- תִּפֹּ֔לְנָה (tipolnah) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “shall fall”; Notes: Refers to the hailstones themselves, agreeing in gender and number.
- וְר֥וּחַ (ve-ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and a wind”; Notes: Refers to a violent storm wind.
- סְעָרֹ֖ות (seʿarot) – Root: סער (saʿar); Form: Noun feminine plural in construct; Translation: “of storms”; Notes: Indicates tempestuous, destructive forces.
- תְּבַקֵּֽעַ (tevaqqeaʿ) – Root: בקע (baqaʿ); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “shall break apart”; Notes: Strong intensive form, describing violent splitting or tearing down.