וּפְאַת־נֶ֗גְבָּה חֲמֵ֨שׁ מֵאֹ֜ות וְאַרְבַּ֤עַת אֲלָפִים֙ מִדָּ֔ה וּשְׁעָרִ֖ים שְׁלֹשָׁ֑ה שַׁ֣עַר שִׁמְעֹ֞ון אֶחָ֗ד שַׁ֤עַר יִשָּׂשֶׂכָר֙ אֶחָ֔ד שַׁ֥עַר זְבוּלֻ֖ן אֶחָֽד׃
And on the south side, five hundred and four thousand in measure, and three gates: one gate of Shimʿon, one gate of Yissakhar, one gate of Zevulun.
Morphology
- וּפְאַת־ (u-feʾat) – Root: פאה (peʾah); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “and the side of”; Notes: Introduces the next side of the city being measured, continuing the sequence of compass directions.
- נֶגְבָּה (negvah) – Root: נגב (negev); Form: Noun masculine singular with directional ending; Translation: “southward”; Notes: Specifies the southern side of the city.
- חֲמֵשׁ (ḥamesh) – Root: חמשׁ (ḥamesh); Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “five”; Notes: Begins the measurement of the southern wall.
- מֵאֹות (meʾot) – Root: מאה (meʾah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “hundred”; Notes: Combines with “five” to form “five hundred.”
- וְאַרְבַּעַת (ve-arbaʿat) – Root: ארבע (ʾarbaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + numeral masculine construct; Translation: “and four of”; Notes: Joins with the following noun to complete the figure “four thousand.”
- אֲלָפִים (ʾalafim) – Root: אלף (ʾelef); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “thousand”; Notes: Indicates the total dimension “five hundred and four thousand.”
- מִדָּה (middah) – Root: מדד (madad); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “measure”; Notes: Refers to the standard length used in the measurements of the city walls.
- וּשְׁעָרִים (u-sheʿarim) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and gates”; Notes: Introduces the count of gates along the southern wall.
- שְׁלֹשָׁה (sheloshah) – Root: שלשׁ (shalosh); Form: Numeral masculine singular absolute; Translation: “three”; Notes: Indicates the number of gates positioned on this side.
- שַׁעַר (shaʿar) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “gate”; Notes: Begins enumeration of the gates and their tribal associations.
- שִׁמְעֹון (Shimʿon) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shimʿon” (Simeon); Notes: Refers to the first tribe listed on the southern side, symbolizing hearing or obedience.
- אֶחָד (eḥad) – Root: אחד (ʾaḥad); Form: Numeral masculine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Each tribe is allotted one gate bearing its name.
- שַׁעַר (shaʿar) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “gate”; Notes: Continues the listing of additional tribal gates.
- יִשָּׂשֶׂכָר (Yissakhar) – Root: ישׂשכר (Yissakhar); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yissakhar” (Issachar); Notes: The second tribe with a gate on the southern side, associated with reward or wages.
- אֶחָד (eḥad) – Root: אחד (ʾaḥad); Form: Numeral masculine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Specifies the single gate named for Yissakhar.
- שַׁעַר (shaʿar) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “gate”; Notes: Repeated for the third and final gate on this side.
- זְבוּלֻן (Zevulun) – Root: זבל (zaval); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Zevulun” (Zebulun); Notes: The tribe associated with dwelling and maritime trade, representing prosperity and habitation.
- אֶחָד (eḥad) – Root: אחד (ʾaḥad); Form: Numeral masculine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Concludes the southern list, affirming one gate for each tribe.