וְנָשַׁ֨מּוּ֙ מִזְבְּחֹ֣ותֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִשְׁבְּר֖וּ חַמָּֽנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהִפַּלְתִּי֙ חַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם לִפְנֵ֖י גִּלּוּלֵיכֶֽם׃
And your altars shall be desolate, and your incense-pillars shall be broken, and I will cast down your slain before your idols.
Morphology
- וְנָשַׁמּוּ (ve-nashammu) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they shall be desolate”; Notes: Niphal denotes passive devastation of the altars.
- מִזְבְּחֹותֵיכֶם (mizbeḥotekhem) – Root: זבח (zavaḥ); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your altars”; Notes: Refers to sacrificial sites, often corrupted by idolatry.
- וְנִשְׁבְּרוּ (ve-nishberu) – Root: שׁבר (shavar); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural with vav consecutive; Translation: “and they shall be broken”; Notes: Passive, emphasizing divine judgment on cultic objects.
- חַמָּנֵיכֶם (ḥammanekhem) – Root: חמן (ḥaman); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your incense-pillars”; Notes: Refers to pagan cultic pillars or sun-pillars condemned by prophets.
- וְהִפַּלְתִּי (ve-hippalti) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “and I will cast down”; Notes: Hiphil gives causative force: YHWH actively causes the fall of the slain.
- חַלְלֵיכֶם (ḥalleikhem) – Root: חלל (ḥalal); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your slain”; Notes: Refers to those killed in judgment, tied to idolatry’s consequences.
- לִפְנֵי (lifnei) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Preposition with construct; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates location in front of idols, highlighting shame and futility of false worship.
- גִּלּוּלֵיכֶם (gilluleikhem) – Root: גלל (galal); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your idols”; Notes: A contemptuous term for idols, possibly from “dung pellets,” underscoring disdain for idolatry.