כִּ֣י הַמֹּוכֵ֗ר אֶל־הַמִּמְכָּר֙ לֹ֣א יָשׁ֔וּב וְעֹ֥וד בַּחַיִּ֖ים חַיָּתָ֑ם כִּֽי־חָזֹ֤ון אֶל־כָּל־הֲמֹונָהּ֙ לֹ֣א יָשׁ֔וּב וְאִ֧ישׁ בַּעֲוֹנֹ֛ו חַיָּתֹ֖ו לֹ֥א יִתְחַזָּֽקוּ׃
For the seller shall not return to the sale, though they still live their lives, for the vision is upon all her multitude, it shall not return; and each man in his iniquity, his life shall not be strengthened.
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces causal explanation.
- הַמֹּוכֵר (ha-mokher) – Root: מכר; Form: Definite article + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “the seller”; Notes: Used substantively to identify the seller.
- אֶל־ (ʾel) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition; Translation: “to”; Notes: Introduces the direction of the action.
- הַמִּמְכָּר (ha-mimkar) – Root: מכר; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the sale”; Notes: Refers to the object or result of selling.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb that follows.
- יָשׁוּב (yashuv) – Root: שׁוב; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall return”; Notes: Refers to not reclaiming or resuming the sale.
- וְעֹוד (ve-ʿod) – Root: עוד; Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “and still”; Notes: Emphasizes continuation of life despite judgment.
- בַּחַיִּים (ba-ḥayyim) – Root: חיה; Form: Preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural; Translation: “in the living / in life”; Notes: Refers to ongoing life circumstances.
- חַיָּתָם (ḥayyatam) – Root: חיה; Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their life”; Notes: A collective singular referring to their existence.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces a second reason clause.
- חָזֹון (ḥazon) – Root: חזה; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “vision”; Notes: Refers to the prophetic vision of doom.
- אֶל־ (ʾel) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Marks the object of the vision’s application.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל; Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Indicates totality.
- הֲמֹונָהּ (hamonah) – Root: המון; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “her multitude”; Notes: Likely refers to the city’s entire population (feminine, Jerusalem).
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יָשׁוּב (yashuv) – Root: שׁוב; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall return”; Notes: Reiterates irrevocability of the vision.
- וְאִישׁ (ve-ish) – Root: אישׁ; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and a man / and each man”; Notes: Refers to individuals within the multitude.
- בַּעֲוֹנֹו (ba-ʿavono) – Root: עון; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in his iniquity”; Notes: Personal responsibility for sin.
- חַיָּתוֹ (ḥayyato) – Root: חיה; Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his life”; Notes: Refers to the individual’s existence.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the final verb.
- יִתְחַזָּקוּ (yitḥazqu) – Root: חזק; Form: Hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall be strengthened”; Notes: Denotes inability to endure or prevail in sin.