וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הֲרֹאֶ֥ה אַתָּ֖ה מָה־הֵ֣ם עֹשִׂ֑ים תֹּועֵבֹ֨ות גְּדֹלֹ֜ות אֲשֶׁ֥ר בֵּֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל עֹשִׂ֣ים פֹּ֗ה לְרָֽחֳקָה֙ מֵעַ֣ל מִקְדָּשִׁ֔י וְעֹוד֙ תָּשׁ֣וּב תִּרְאֶ֔ה תֹּועֵבֹ֖ות גְּדֹלֹֽות׃ ס
And he said to me, “Son of man, do you see what they are doing—great abominations that the house of Yisraʾel are doing here, to drive far away from upon my sanctuary? And yet you shall again see greater abominations.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּאמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Narrative continuation, introducing divine speech.
- אֵלַי (elay) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + 1cs suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Marks Ezekiel as addressee.
- בֶּן־אָדָם (ben-adam) – Root: בן, אדם; Form: Construct chain; Translation: “Son of man”; Notes: Common divine address for Ezekiel.
- הֲרֹאֶה (ha-roʾeh) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal participle masculine singular interrogative; Translation: “do you see?”; Notes: Participial form used for ongoing perception.
- אַתָּה (attah) – Root: אתה; Form: Independent pronoun 2ms; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphasizes the addressee directly.
- מָה (mah) – Root: particle; Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “what”; Notes: Introduces the content of the seeing.
- הֵם (hem) – Root: הם; Form: Independent pronoun 3mp; Translation: “they”; Notes: Subject of the verb “are doing.”
- עֹשִׂים (osim) – Root: עשה; Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “doing”; Notes: Ongoing habitual action.
- תֹּועֵבֹות (toʿevot) – Root: תעב; Form: Noun feminine plural absolute; Translation: “abominations”; Notes: Refers to detestable idolatrous acts.
- גְּדֹלֹות (gedolot) – Root: גדל; Form: Adjective feminine plural; Translation: “great”; Notes: Intensifies the seriousness of the abominations.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that/which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- בֵּית־יִשְׂרָאֵל (beit-Yisraʾel) – Root: בית, ישראל; Form: Construct chain; Translation: “house of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Collective reference to the people.
- עֹשִׂים (osim) – Root: עשה; Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are doing”; Notes: Repetition stresses continuous idolatrous practice.
- פֹּה (po) – Root: particle; Form: Adverb; Translation: “here”; Notes: Marks the location of the abominations.
- לְרָחֳקָה (le-raḥoqah) – Root: רחק; Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct feminine; Translation: “to drive far away”; Notes: Expresses purpose of the idolatrous acts.
- מֵעַל (me-ʿal) – Root: על; Form: Preposition מִן + עַל; Translation: “from upon”; Notes: Indicates separation from the sanctuary.
- מִקְדָּשִׁי (mikdashi) – Root: קדשׁ; Form: Noun masculine singular with 1cs suffix; Translation: “my sanctuary”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s temple.
- וְעוֹד (ve-ʿod) – Root: עוד; Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “and yet/again”; Notes: Introduces continuation or escalation.
- תָּשׁוּב (tashuv) – Root: שׁוב; Form: Qal imperfect 2ms; Translation: “you shall again”; Notes: Future/iterative command, directed to Ezekiel.
- תִּרְאֶה (tirʾeh) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal imperfect 2ms; Translation: “you will see”; Notes: Sequential with “you shall again.”
- תֹּועֵבֹות (toʿevot) – Root: תעב; Form: Noun feminine plural absolute; Translation: “abominations”; Notes: Repeated noun emphasizing horrors shown progressively.
- גְּדֹלֹות (gedolot) – Root: גדל; Form: Adjective feminine plural; Translation: “greater”; Notes: Comparative intensification: “greater abominations.”