Genesis 32:18 (Genesis 32:17)

וַיְצַ֥ו אֶת־הָרִאשֹׁ֖ון לֵאמֹ֑ר כִּ֣י יִֽפְגָּשְׁךָ֞ עֵשָׂ֣ו אָחִ֗י וִשְׁאֵֽלְךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לְמִי־אַ֨תָּה֙ וְאָ֣נָה תֵלֵ֔ךְ וּלְמִ֖י אֵ֥לֶּה לְפָנֶֽיךָ׃

And he commanded the first, saying, “When ʿEsav my brother meets you and asks you, saying, ‘To whom do you belong, and where are you going, and whose are these before you?’

Morphology

1. וַיְצַ֥ו (vaytsav) – Root: צוה (tsavah); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he commanded”; Notes: Piel form intensifies the command.
2. אֶת־ (et) – Root: —; Form: Definite direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the definite object of the verb.
3. הָרִאשֹׁ֖ון (ha-rishon) – Root: ראשון (rishon); Form: Adjective, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the first”; Notes: Describes the first servant.
4. לֵאמֹ֑ר (lemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
5. כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Expresses a conditional or temporal clause.
6. יִֽפְגָּשְׁךָ֞ (yifgashkha) – Root: פגש (pagash); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “meets you”; Notes: Describes future interaction.
7. עֵשָׂ֣ו (ʿEsav) – Root: עשו (ʿEsav); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “ʿEsav”; Notes: Personal name.
8. אָחִ֗י (aḥi) – Root: אח (aḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my brother”; Notes: Expresses familial relationship.
9. וִשְׁאֵֽלְךָ֙ (vi-shʾelkha) – Root: שאל (shaʾal); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and asks you”; Notes: Future inquiry.
10. לֵאמֹ֔ר (lemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces the question.
11. לְמִי־ (le-mi) – Root: מי (mi); Form: Preposition with interrogative pronoun; Translation: “To whom”; Notes: Introduces a question of ownership.
12. אַ֨תָּה֙ (attah) – Root: אתה (attah); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “do you belong”; Notes: Subject of the question.
13. וְאָ֣נָה (ve-ʾanah) – Root: אנה (ʾanah); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “and where”; Notes: Questions direction.
14. תֵלֵ֔ךְ (telekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “are you going”; Notes: Expresses action.
15. וּלְמִ֖י (u-le-mi) – Root: מי (mi); Form: Preposition with interrogative pronoun; Translation: “and whose”; Notes: Introduces the final inquiry.
16. אֵ֥לֶּה (elleh) – Root: אלה (elleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “are these”; Notes: Refers to the animals or gifts.
17. לְפָנֶֽיךָ (lefanekha) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “before you”; Notes: Indicates position.