Genesis 39:13

וַיְהִי֙ כִּרְאֹותָ֔הּ כִּֽי־עָזַ֥ב בִּגְדֹ֖ו בְּיָדָ֑הּ וַיָּ֖נָס הַחֽוּצָה׃

And it came to pass, when she saw that he had left his garment in her hand and had fled outside,

 

# Hebrew Transliteration Literal Gloss Morph Tag
1 וַיְהִי va-yehi “and it came to pass” Qal wayyiqtol 3ms
2 כִּרְאֹותָהּ ki-reʾotah “when she saw” Prep כְּ + Qal infinitive construct + suff 3fs
3 כִּי ki “that” Conjunction
4 עָזַב ʿazav “he had left” Qal perfect 3ms
5 בִּגְדֹו bigdo “his garment” N(ms) + suff 3ms
6 בְּיָדָהּ be-yadah “in her hand” Prep בְּ + N(fs) + suff 3fs
7 וַיָּנָס va-yanas “and he fled” Qal wayyiqtol 3ms
8 הַחוּצָה ha-ḥutsah “outside” Def. art. הַ + adverb + directional הָ

 

Morphology

  1. וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Root Type: III-He; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Introduces the next development in the narrative after Yosef’s escape.
  2. כִּרְאֹותָהּ (ki-reʾotah) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Root Type: III-He / II-Guttural; Binyan: Qal; Form: Preposition כְּ + Qal infinitive construct + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “when she saw”; Notes: Marks the moment Potiphar’s wife realized Yosef had escaped from her grasp.
  3. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Root Type: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the content of what she perceived or realized.
  4. עָזַב (ʿazav) – Root: עזב (ʿ-z-v); Root Type: III-Waw; Binyan: Qal; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he had left”; Notes: Refers to Yosef abandoning his garment behind while escaping.
  5. בִּגְדֹו (bigdo) – Root: בגד (b-g-d); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his garment”; Notes: The garment becomes the physical evidence later used in the false accusation.
  6. בְּיָדָהּ (be-yadah) – Root: יד (yad); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “in her hand”; Notes: Emphasizes that she still physically possessed Yosef’s garment after he fled.
  7. וַיָּנָס (va-yanas) – Root: נוס (n-v-s); Root Type: Hollow; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he fled”; Notes: Highlights Yosef’s immediate and decisive escape from danger and temptation.
  8. הַחוּצָה (ha-ḥutsah) – Root: חוץ (ḥuts); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Definite article הַ + adverb + directional suffix הָ; Translation: “outside”; Notes: The directional suffix stresses movement outward from the interior of the house.

 

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