Genesis 42:31

וַנֹּ֥אמֶר אֵלָ֖יו כֵּנִ֣ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ לֹ֥א הָיִ֖ינוּ מְרַגְּלִֽים׃

And we said to him, “We are honest; we have not been spies.”

Morphology

1. וַנֹּ֥אמֶר (vanomer) – Root: אָמַר (amar); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 1cp; Translation: “And we said”; Notes: First person plural, indicating the brothers speaking.
2. אֵלָ֖יו (elav) – Root: אֵל (el); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to the person they are addressing, Yosef.
3. כֵּנִ֣ים (kenim) – Root: כָּנַה (kana); Form: Adjective, mp; Translation: “honest”; Notes: Describes the brothers’ self-characterization.
4. אֲנָ֑חְנוּ (anachnu) – Form: Pronoun, 1cp; Translation: “we”; Notes: First person plural pronoun, identifying the brothers.
5. לֹ֥א (lo) – Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Used to negate the following verb.
6. הָיִ֖ינוּ (hayinu) – Root: הָיָה (hayah); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cp; Translation: “we have been”; Notes: Describes their past state or condition.
7. מְרַגְּלִֽים (meragelim) – Root: רָגַל (ragal); Form: Participle, Piel, mp; Translation: “spies”; Notes: Refers to those who scout or search secretly, which they deny being.