לֹ֣א תֹוסִ֗יפוּ הָבִיא֙ מִנְחַת־שָׁ֔וְא קְטֹ֧רֶת תֹּועֵבָ֛ה הִ֖יא לִ֑י חֹ֤דֶשׁ וְשַׁבָּת֙ קְרֹ֣א מִקְרָ֔א לֹא־אוּכַ֥ל אָ֖וֶן וַעֲצָרָֽה׃
Do not continue to bring a vain grain offering; incense, it is an abomination to Me. New moon and Sabbath, the calling of assembly—I cannot endure iniquity and solemn gathering.
Morphology
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “do not”; Notes: Prohibitive command.
- תֹוסִיפוּ (tosifu) – Root: יסף; Form: Hifil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “continue” or “add”; Notes: Expresses divine refusal of further offerings.
- הָבִיא (haviʾ) – Root: בוא; Form: Hifil infinitive absolute; Translation: “to bring”; Notes: Infinitive used emphatically with the verb before it.
- מִנְחַת־שָׁוְא (minḥat-shav) – Root: נחה / שוא; Form: Construct noun feminine singular + noun masculine singular; Translation: “a vain grain offering”; Notes: Refers to an offering made with hypocrisy or falsehood.
- קְטֹרֶת (qetoret) – Root: קטר; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “incense”; Notes: Ritual aromatic offering associated with prayer.
- תֹּועֵבָה (toʿevah) – Root: תעב; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “abomination”; Notes: Term denoting something loathsome or detestable to YHWH.
- הִיא (hiʾ) – Root: הוא; Form: Independent pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “it is”; Notes: Refers back to “incense.”
- לִי (li) – Root: לְ + אני; Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “to Me”; Notes: Indicates divine rejection.
- חֹדֶשׁ (ḥodesh) – Root: חדשׁ; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “new moon”; Notes: Monthly religious observance.
- וְשַׁבָּת (ve-shabbat) – Root: שבת; Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and Sabbath”; Notes: Weekly day of rest and holiness.
- קְרֹא (qero) – Root: קרא; Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “the calling”; Notes: Refers to the act of proclaiming or summoning an assembly.
- מִקְרָא (miqra) – Root: קרא; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “assembly” or “convocation”; Notes: Formal religious gathering.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denies ability or willingness.
- אוּכַל (ukhal) – Root: יכל; Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I can endure”; Notes: Often implies moral or emotional tolerance.
- אָוֶן (aven) – Root: און; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “iniquity”; Notes: Refers to moral corruption, falsehood, or wickedness.
- וַעֲצָרָה (va-ʿatsarah) – Root: עצר; Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and solemn gathering”; Notes: Refers to a sacred assembly or special convocation, often during festivals.