וְיָרְד֤וּ רְאֵמִים֙ עִמָּ֔ם וּפָרִ֖ים עִם־אַבִּירִ֑ים וְרִוְּתָ֤ה אַרְצָם֙ מִדָּ֔ם וַעֲפָרָ֖ם מֵחֵ֥לֶב יְדֻשָּֽׁן׃
And wild oxen shall go down with them, and steers with the mighty ones; and their land shall be soaked with blood, and their dust made fat with fat.
Morphology
- וְיָרְד֤וּ (ve-yaredu) – Root: ירד; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol); Translation: “And they shall go down”; Notes: Introduces narrative sequence of judgment and descent to death.
- רְאֵמִים֙ (reʾemim) – Root: ראם; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “wild oxen”; Notes: Symbolic of strength or primeval beasts.
- עִמָּ֔ם (ʿimmam) – Root: עם; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with them”; Notes: Indicates shared fate with others.
- וּפָרִ֖ים (u-farim) – Root: פר; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural; Translation: “and steers”; Notes: Sacrificial or mighty animals, pairing with “wild oxen.”
- עִם־אַבִּירִ֑ים (ʿim-abbirim) – Root: אביר; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “with the mighty ones”; Notes: Connotes warriors or majestic beasts, often poetic.
- וְרִוְּתָ֤ה (ve-rivtah) – Root: רוה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular with vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol); Translation: “and it shall be soaked”; Notes: Refers to the land becoming saturated.
- אַרְצָם֙ (artsam) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their land”; Notes: Possessive suffix refers to those judged.
- מִדָּ֔ם (mi-dam) – Root: דם; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “with blood”; Notes: Source of saturation.
- וַעֲפָרָ֖ם (va-ʿafarām) – Root: עפר; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their dust”; Notes: Parallels “their land.”
- מֵחֵ֥לֶב (me-ḥelev) – Root: חלב; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “with fat”; Notes: Symbol of abundance or sacrifice, used ironically in judgment.
- יְדֻשָּֽׁן׃ (yedusshan) – Root: דשן; Form: Pual imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be made fat”; Notes: Refers to the dust being enriched or soaked with fat, reinforcing the imagery of sacrificial carnage.