Isaiah 60:18

לֹא־יִשָּׁמַ֨ע עֹ֤וד חָמָס֙ בְּאַרְצֵ֔ךְ שֹׁ֥ד וָשֶׁ֖בֶר בִּגְבוּלָ֑יִךְ וְקָרָ֤את יְשׁוּעָה֙ חֹומֹתַ֔יִךְ וּשְׁעָרַ֖יִךְ תְּהִלָּֽה׃

Violence shall no longer be heard in your land, nor devastation and destruction within your borders; and you shall call your walls Salvation, and your gates Praise.

Morphology

1. לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denotes prohibition or negation.
2. יִשָּׁמַע (yishamaʿ) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be heard”; Notes: Passive form, referring to a state of peace.
3. עֹוד (ʿod) – Root: עוד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “anymore” / “again”; Notes: Reinforces cessation of violence.
4. חָמָס (ḥamas) – Root: חמס; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “violence”; Notes: Indicates unjust oppression or cruelty.
5. בְּאַרְצֵךְ (be-artzeikh) – Root: ארץ; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “in your land”; Notes: Refers to Tsiyon or Jerusalem.
6. שֹׁד (shod) – Root: שׁוד; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “devastation”; Notes: Typically refers to pillaging or destruction.
7. וָשֶׁבֶר (va-shever) – Root: שׁבר; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and destruction”; Notes: Implies breaking down, collapse.
8. בִּגְבוּלָיִךְ (bi-gevulayikh) – Root: גבול; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “within your borders”; Notes: Refers to physical and territorial boundaries.
9. וְקָרָאת (ve-qarat) – Root: קרא; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person feminine singular with conjunction; Translation: “and you shall call”; Notes: Act of renaming or redefining by Tsiyon.
10. יְשׁוּעָה (yeshuʿah) – Root: ישע; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “Salvation”; Notes: The new name for the city’s walls, symbolizing divine deliverance.
11. חֹומֹתַיִךְ (ḥomotayikh) – Root: חומה; Form: Dual noun + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your walls”; Notes: Represents the strength and protection of the city.
12. וּשְׁעָרַיִךְ (u-sheʿarayikh) – Root: שׁער; Form: Conjunction + dual noun + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and your gates”; Notes: Entryways to the city, symbolizing openness and security.
13. תְּהִלָּה (tehillah) – Root: הלל; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “Praise”; Notes: Indicates honor and glory being ascribed to the city.