כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֤ה הַחֹ֨שֶׁךְ֙ יְכַסֶּה־אֶ֔רֶץ וַעֲרָפֶ֖ל לְאֻמִּ֑ים וְעָלַ֨יִךְ֙ יִזְרַ֣ח יְהוָ֔ה וּכְבֹודֹ֖ו עָלַ֥יִךְ יֵרָאֶֽה׃
For behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and thick darkness the nations; but upon you YHWH shall shine, and His glory shall be seen upon you.
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces reason or explanation.
- הִנֵּה (hinneh) – Root: הן; Form: Interjection; Translation: “behold”; Notes: Draws attention to what follows.
- הַחֹשֶׁךְ (ha-ḥoshekh) – Root: חשׁך; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the darkness”; Notes: Symbol of ignorance, evil, or judgment.
- יְכַסֶּה (yekhasseh) – Root: כסה; Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall cover”; Notes: Emphasizes thorough or total covering.
- אֶרֶץ (ʾerets) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “earth” / “land”; Notes: Global or regional scope depending on context.
- וַעֲרָפֶל (va-ʿarafel) – Root: ערפל; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and thick darkness”; Notes: Describes dense obscurity, often associated with divine judgment.
- לְאֻמִּים (le-ummim) – Root: אם; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Gentile peoples in contrast with Tsiyon.
- וְעָלַיִךְ (ve-ʿalayikh) – Root: על; Form: Conjunction + preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “but upon you”; Notes: Direct address to feminine Tsiyon; contrastive emphasis.
- יִזְרַח (yizraḥ) – Root: זרח; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall shine”; Notes: Describes divine illumination and favor.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb “shall shine.”
- וּכְבֹודֹו (u-khevodō) – Root: כבד; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and His glory”; Notes: Manifest presence and honor of YHWH.
- עָלַיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis of divine favor.
- יֵרָאֶה (yeiraʾeh) – Root: ראה; Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be seen”; Notes: Passive form indicating visible revelation.