כִּ֤י כָאָ֨רֶץ֙ תֹּוצִ֣יא צִמְחָ֔הּ וּכְגַנָּ֖ה זֵרוּעֶ֣יהָ תַצְמִ֑יחַ כֵּ֣ן אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה יַצְמִ֤יחַ צְדָקָה֙ וּתְהִלָּ֔ה נֶ֖גֶד כָּל־הַגֹּויִֽם׃
For as the earth brings forth its growth, and as a garden causes its seeds to spring up, so the Lord YHWH will cause righteousness and praise to spring up before all the nations.
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a simile or reason for what follows.
- כָאָרֶץ (ka-aretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “as the earth”; Notes: Begins the comparison.
- תֹּוצִיא (totzi) – Root: יצא; Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “brings forth”; Notes: Causative—“causes to go out.”
- צִמְחָהּ (tsimḥah) – Root: צמח; Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “its growth”; Notes: Refers to vegetation produced by the land.
- וּכְגַנָּה (u-khe-gannah) – Root: גן; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and as a garden”; Notes: Continues the natural imagery.
- זֵרוּעֶיהָ (zeruʿeha) – Root: זרע; Form: Qal passive participle masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “its seeds”; Notes: Those things sown in it.
- תַצְמִיחַ (tatsmiyaḥ) – Root: צמח; Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “causes to spring up”; Notes: Parallel to “bring forth,” emphasizing divine growth.
- כֵּן (ken) – Root: כן; Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Marks the conclusion of the comparison.
- אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה (Adonai YHWH) – Root: Divine title; Form: Proper noun compound; Translation: “Lord YHWH”; Notes: Sovereign title combining authority and covenant name.
- יַצְמִיחַ (yatsmiaḥ) – Root: צמח; Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will cause to spring up”; Notes: Same verb used earlier, now applied to divine action.
- צְדָקָה (tsedaqah) – Root: צדק; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “righteousness”; Notes: Ethical and covenantal integrity.
- וּתְהִלָּה (u-tehillah) – Root: הלל; Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and praise”; Notes: Celebration resulting from YHWH’s saving acts.
- נֶגֶד (neged) – Root: נגד; Form: Preposition; Translation: “before” or “in the presence of”; Notes: Indicates public manifestation.
- כָּל־הַגֹּויִם (kol ha-goyim) – Root: גוי; Form: Construct noun “all” + definite article + noun masculine plural; Translation: “all the nations”; Notes: Universal scope of God’s righteousness and praise.