וַיָּ֤קָם יֹונָה֙ לִבְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֨רֶד יָפֹ֜ו וַיִּמְצָ֥א אָנִיָּ֣ה בָּאָ֣ה תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ וַיִּתֵּ֨ן שְׂכָרָ֜הּ וַיֵּ֤רֶד בָּהּ֙ לָבֹ֤וא עִמָּהֶם֙ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָֽה׃
And Yona rose to flee to Tarshish from before YHWH, and he went down to Yafo, and he found a ship going to Tarshish, and he gave its fare, and he went down in it to go with them to Tarshish from before YHWH.
Morphology
- וַיָּ֤קָם (va-yaqam) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “And he rose”; Notes: Standard narrative sequence indicating immediate action.
- יֹונָה֙ (Yonah) – Root: יונה (yonah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yonah”; Notes: The prophet addressed by YHWH.
- לִבְרֹ֣חַ (livroaḥ) – Root: ברח (baraḥ); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive; Translation: “to flee”; Notes: Indicates Yonah’s intent to escape the divine commission.
- תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה (Tarshishah) – Root: תרשיש (tarshish); Form: Proper noun (directional he); Translation: “to Tarshish”; Notes: A distant maritime destination.
- מִלִּפְנֵ֖י (milifnei) – Root: פן (pan); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural construct + suffix 1cs implied; Translation: “from before”; Notes: Indicates fleeing from the presence of YHWH.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of Israel’s God.
- וַיֵּ֨רֶד (va-yered) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he went down”; Notes: Movement toward Yapho’s harbor.
- יָפֹ֜ו (Yapho) – Root: יפו (yafo); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yapho”; Notes: Coastal port city.
- וַיִּמְצָ֥א (va-yimtza) – Root: מצא (matza); Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he found”; Notes: Indicates providential encounter.
- אָנִיָּ֣ה (aniyyah) – Root: אנייה (aniyyah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a ship”; Notes: Maritime vessel for long-distance travel.
- בָּאָ֣ה (ba’ah) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “coming”; Notes: Describes its scheduled destination.
- תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ (Tarshish) – Root: תרשיש (tarshish); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Tarshish”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis on his destination.
- וַיִּתֵּ֨ן (va-yitten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he gave”; Notes: Payment action.
- שְׂכָרָ֜הּ (sekhara) – Root: שכר (s-kh-r); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3fs; Translation: “its fare”; Notes: Payment for passage.
- וַיֵּ֤רֶד (va-yered) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he went down”; Notes: Onto or into the ship.
- בָּהּ֙ (bah) – Root: ב (b); Form: Preposition בְּ + suffix 3fs; Translation: “in it”; Notes: Refers to the ship.
- לָבֹ֤וא (lavo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Preposition לְ + Qal infinitive; Translation: “to go”; Notes: Infinitive of purpose.
- עִמָּהֶם֙ (immahem) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition + suffix 3mp; Translation: “with them”; Notes: Journeying with the sailors.
- תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה (Tarshishah) – Root: תרשיש (tarshish); Form: Proper noun (directional he); Translation: “to Tarshish”; Notes: Repetition stresses deliberate disobedience.
- מִלִּפְנֵ֖י (milifnei) – Root: פן (pan); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “from before”; Notes: Marks attempt to escape divine presence.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Ends verse with theological emphasis.