וְלֹ֧א יְלַמְּד֣וּ עֹ֗וד אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֜הוּ וְאִ֤ישׁ אֶת־אָחִיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר דְּע֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה כִּֽי־כוּלָּם֩ יֵדְע֨וּ אֹותִ֜י לְמִקְטַנָּ֤ם וְעַד־גְּדֹולָם֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֤י אֶסְלַח֙ לַֽעֲוֹנָ֔ם וּלְחַטָּאתָ֖ם לֹ֥א אֶזְכָּר־עֹֽוד׃ ס
And they shall no longer teach each man his neighbor and each man his brother, saying, ‘Know YHWH,’ for they shall all know Me, from their least to their greatest,” declares YHWH, “for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more.”
Morphology
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “And not”; Notes: Negates the future action described.
- יְלַמְּדוּ (yelammedu) – Root: למד; Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall teach”; Notes: Piel intensifies the act of instruction.
- עוֹד (ʿod) – Root: עוד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “any longer” / “no more”; Notes: Marks cessation of a repeated action.
- אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: אישׁ; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “man”; Notes: Refers to an individual person.
- אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ (et-reʿehu) – Root: רעע; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his neighbor”; Notes: Indicates a fellow member of the community.
- וְאִישׁ (ve-ʾish) – Root: אישׁ; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and a man”; Notes: Parallel structure with the previous phrase.
- אֶת־אָחִיו (et-aḥiv) – Root: אח; Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his brother”; Notes: Implies close kinship and solidarity.
- לֵאמֹר (lemor) – Root: אמר; Form: Preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- דְּעוּ (deʿu) – Root: ידע; Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “Know”; Notes: A command to gain relational knowledge of YHWH.
- אֶת־יְהוָה (et-YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Object of the command “Know.”
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the preceding negation.
- כֻּלָּם (kullam) – Root: כל; Form: Noun masculine singular in construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “they all”; Notes: Emphasizes universality.
- יֵדְעוּ (yedʿu) – Root: ידע; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “shall know”; Notes: Refers to experiential knowledge of YHWH.
- אֹותִי (oti) – Root: אני; Form: Direct object marker + 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “Me”; Notes: YHWH is the direct object of the knowing.
- לְמִקְטַנָּם (le-miqtannam) – Root: קטן; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from their least”; Notes: Marks the starting point in the range of people.
- וְעַד־גְּדֹולָם (ve-ʿad-gedolam) – Root: גדל; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to their greatest”; Notes: Completes the inclusivity range.
- נְאֻם־יְהוָה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: Prophetic signature phrase.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Gives the reason for universal knowledge of YHWH.
- אֶסְלַח (eslaḥ) – Root: סלח; Form: Qal imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I will forgive”; Notes: Future promise of pardon.
- לַעֲוֹנָם (laʿavonam) – Root: עון; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their iniquity”; Notes: Moral wrongdoing or guilt.
- וּלְחַטָּאתָם (u-leḥattatam) – Root: חטא; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their sin”; Notes: Specific acts of transgression.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the action of remembering.
- אֶזְכָּר (ezkar) – Root: זכר; Form: Qal imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I will remember”; Notes: Refers to calling something to mind.
- עוֹד (ʿod) – Root: עוד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “any more”; Notes: Marks the end of a repeated action.