וַ֠יִּשְׁמַ֗ע מִכָ֨יְהוּ בֶן־גְּמַרְיָ֧הוּ בֶן־שָׁפָ֛ן אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה מֵעַ֥ל הַסֵּֽפֶר׃
And Mikhayhu son of Gemaryahu son of Shaphan heard all the words of YHWH from upon the scroll.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁמַע (va-yishmaʿ) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he heard”; Notes: Narrative verb introducing the action of Mikhayhu.
- מִכָיְהוּ (Mikhayhu) – Root: מי + כיהו; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mikhayhu”; Notes: A personal name meaning “Who is like YHWH?”
- בֶן־גְּמַרְיָהוּ (ben-Gemaryahu) – Root: בן + גמר; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Gemaryahu”; Notes: Identifies paternal lineage.
- בֶן־שָׁפָן (ben-Shafan) – Root: בן + שׁפן; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Shaphan”; Notes: Further identifies ancestry of Mikhayhu.
- אֶת (et) – Form: Direct object marker; Translation: [not translated]; Notes: Marks the object “all the words.”
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל; Form: Noun in construct; Translation: “all of”; Notes: Functions as part of a construct chain.
- דִּבְרֵי (divrei) – Root: דבר; Form: Construct plural masculine; Translation: “words of”; Notes: In construct with “YHWH.”
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Speaker of the words heard.
- מֵעַל (me-ʿal) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + prefix mem; Translation: “from upon”; Notes: Indicates the source or surface of reading.
- הַסֵּפֶר (ha-sefer) – Root: ספר; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the scroll”; Notes: Refers to the scroll containing Yirmeyahu’s dictated prophecy.