וְזֶ֥ה הַדָּבָ֖ר אֲשֶׁר־מָ֣ל יְהֹושֻׁ֑עַ כָּל־הָעָ֣ם הַיֹּצֵא֩ מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם הַזְּכָרִ֜ים כֹּ֣ל אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה מֵ֤תוּ בַמִּדְבָּר֙ בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ בְּצֵאתָ֖ם מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃
And this is the reason why Yehoshua circumcised: all the people who came out of Mitsrayim, the males, all the men of war, died in the wilderness on the way after they came out of Mitsrayim.
Morphology
- וְזֶ֥ה (v’zeh) – Root: זֶה; Form: demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “and this”; Notes: Refers to the following clause.
- הַדָּבָ֖ר (haddāvar) – Root: דָּבָר; Form: noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the matter”; Notes: Refers to the reason for circumcision.
- אֲשֶׁר־מָ֣ל (’asher-māl) – Root: מוּל; Form: relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that he circumcised”; Notes: Refers to Yehoshua’s action.
- יְהֹושֻׁ֑עַ (Yehōshua‘) – Root: ישׁע; Form: proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yehoshua”; Notes: Name of the leader of Yisra’el.
- כָּל־הָעָ֣ם (kol-hā‘ām) – Root: עָם; Form: noun, masculine singular construct + definite article; Translation: “all the people”; Notes: Collective noun.
- הַיֹּצֵא֩ (hayyōtze’) – Root: יָצָא; Form: Qal participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “who came out”; Notes: Refers to those who left Mitsrayim.
- מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם (mimmitsrayim) – Root: מִצְרַיִם; Form: preposition + proper noun, dual; Translation: “from Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- הַזְּכָרִ֜ים (hazzəkārim) – Root: זָכָר; Form: noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the males”; Notes: Emphasizes the gender of those circumcised.
- כֹּ֣ל (kol) – Root: כֹּל; Form: noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Denotes totality.
- אַנְשֵׁ֣י (’anšē) – Root: אִישׁ; Form: noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “men of”; Notes: Indicates men belonging to a group.
- הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה (hammilḥāmāh) – Root: מִלְחָמָה; Form: noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the war”; Notes: Refers to battle-ready men.
- מֵ֤תוּ (mētu) – Root: מוּת; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “died”; Notes: Past action.
- בַמִּדְבָּר֙ (bammidbār) – Root: מִדְבָּר; Form: noun, masculine singular with preposition and definite article; Translation: “in the wilderness”; Notes: Place of death.
- בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ (baddereḵ) – Root: דֶּרֶךְ; Form: noun, masculine singular with preposition and definite article; Translation: “on the way”; Notes: Path they traveled.
- בְּצֵאתָ֖ם (bətsētām) – Root: יָצָא; Form: Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “when they came out”; Notes: Refers to the exodus.
- מִמִּצְרָֽיִם (mimmitsrayim) – Root: מִצְרַיִם; Form: preposition + proper noun, dual; Translation: “from Mitsrayim”; Notes: Indicates origin.