Joshua 5:4

וְזֶ֥ה הַדָּבָ֖ר אֲשֶׁר־מָ֣ל יְהֹושֻׁ֑עַ כָּל־הָעָ֣ם הַיֹּצֵא֩ מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם הַזְּכָרִ֜ים כֹּ֣ל אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה מֵ֤תוּ בַמִּדְבָּר֙ בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ בְּצֵאתָ֖ם מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃

And this is the reason why Yehoshua circumcised: all the people who came out of Mitsrayim, the males, all the men of war, died in the wilderness on the way after they came out of Mitsrayim.

 

Morphology

  1. וְזֶ֥ה (v’zeh) – Root: זֶה; Form: demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “and this”; Notes: Refers to the following clause.
  2. הַדָּבָ֖ר (haddāvar) – Root: דָּבָר; Form: noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the matter”; Notes: Refers to the reason for circumcision.
  3. אֲשֶׁר־מָ֣ל (’asher-māl) – Root: מוּל; Form: relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that he circumcised”; Notes: Refers to Yehoshua’s action.
  4. יְהֹושֻׁ֑עַ (Yehōshua‘) – Root: ישׁע; Form: proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yehoshua”; Notes: Name of the leader of Yisra’el.
  5. כָּל־הָעָ֣ם (kol-hā‘ām) – Root: עָם; Form: noun, masculine singular construct + definite article; Translation: “all the people”; Notes: Collective noun.
  6. הַיֹּצֵא֩ (hayyōtze’) – Root: יָצָא; Form: Qal participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “who came out”; Notes: Refers to those who left Mitsrayim.
  7. מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם (mimmitsrayim) – Root: מִצְרַיִם; Form: preposition + proper noun, dual; Translation: “from Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
  8. הַזְּכָרִ֜ים (hazzəkārim) – Root: זָכָר; Form: noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the males”; Notes: Emphasizes the gender of those circumcised.
  9. כֹּ֣ל (kol) – Root: כֹּל; Form: noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Denotes totality.
  10. אַנְשֵׁ֣י (’anšē) – Root: אִישׁ; Form: noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “men of”; Notes: Indicates men belonging to a group.
  11. הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה (hammilḥāmāh) – Root: מִלְחָמָה; Form: noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the war”; Notes: Refers to battle-ready men.
  12. מֵ֤תוּ (mētu) – Root: מוּת; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “died”; Notes: Past action.
  13. בַמִּדְבָּר֙ (bammidbār) – Root: מִדְבָּר; Form: noun, masculine singular with preposition and definite article; Translation: “in the wilderness”; Notes: Place of death.
  14. בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ (baddereḵ) – Root: דֶּרֶךְ; Form: noun, masculine singular with preposition and definite article; Translation: “on the way”; Notes: Path they traveled.
  15. בְּצֵאתָ֖ם (bətsētām) – Root: יָצָא; Form: Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “when they came out”; Notes: Refers to the exodus.
  16. מִמִּצְרָֽיִם (mimmitsrayim) – Root: מִצְרַיִם; Form: preposition + proper noun, dual; Translation: “from Mitsrayim”; Notes: Indicates origin.

 

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