לְֽכָל־הַבְּהֵמָ֡ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִוא֩ מַפְרֶ֨סֶת פַּרְסָ֜ה וְשֶׁ֣סַע אֵינֶ֣נָּה שֹׁסַ֗עַת וְגֵרָה֙ אֵינֶ֣נָּה מַעֲלָ֔ה טְמֵאִ֥ים הֵ֖ם לָכֶ֑ם כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּהֶ֖ם יִטְמָֽא׃
For every animal that has a split hoof, but it is not completely split, and does not chew the cud, they are unclean to you; whoever touches them shall be unclean.
Morphology
- לְֽכָל־ (lekhol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Preposition + noun, ms construct; Translation: “For every”; Notes: Refers to all animals meeting the described criteria.
- הַבְּהֵמָ֡ה (habehemah) – Root: בהמה (b-h-m-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Animal”; Notes: Refers to domesticated or land animals.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces a clause describing the animals.
- הִוא֩ (hi) – Root: הוא (h-w); Form: Pronoun, 3fs; Translation: “It is”; Notes: Refers to the animal in question.
- מַפְרֶ֨סֶת (mafrese) – Root: פרס (p-r-s); Form: Participle, Hiphil, fs; Translation: “Has a split”; Notes: Describes animals with split hooves.
- פַּרְסָ֜ה (parsa) – Root: פרסה (p-r-s-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Hoof”; Notes: Refers to the hoofed structure of the animal.
- וְשֶׁ֣סַע (veshesaʿ) – Root: שסע (sh-s-ʿ); Form: Conjunction + verb, Qal, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “But is not completely split”; Notes: Describes animals with partially divided hooves.
- אֵינֶ֣נָּה (einenah) – Root: אין (ʾ-y-n); Form: Negative particle + pronoun, 3fs; Translation: “It is not”; Notes: Denotes lack of the required characteristics.
- שֹׁסַ֗עַת (shosaʿat) – Root: שסע (sh-s-ʿ); Form: Participle, Qal, fs; Translation: “Completely split”; Notes: Further clarifies the requirement.
- וְגֵרָה֙ (vegirah) – Root: גרה (g-r-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Cud”; Notes: Refers to partially digested food returned to the mouth for chewing.
- אֵינֶ֣נָּה (einenah) – Root: אין (ʾ-y-n); Form: Negative particle + pronoun, 3fs; Translation: “It does not”; Notes: Indicates lack of cud-chewing ability.
- מַעֲלָ֔ה (maʿalah) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Participle, Hiphil, fs; Translation: “Chew”; Notes: Describes the action of chewing the cud.
- טְמֵאִ֥ים (temeʾim) – Root: טמא (ṭ-m-ʾ); Form: Adjective, mp; Translation: “Unclean”; Notes: Declares these animals as impure.
- הֵ֖ם (hem) – Root: הוא (h-w); Form: Pronoun, 3mp; Translation: “They are”; Notes: Refers to the unclean animals.
- לָכֶ֑ם (lakhem) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition + pronoun, 2mp; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Directs the prohibition to the Israelites.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Noun, ms construct; Translation: “Whoever”; Notes: Refers to individuals in contact with these animals.
- הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ (hannogeaʿ) – Root: נגע (n-g-ʿ); Form: Participle, Qal, ms; Translation: “Touches”; Notes: Indicates physical contact with the carcasses.
- בָּהֶ֖ם (bahem) – Root: ב (b) + הם (h-m); Form: Preposition + pronoun, 3mp; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Refers to the unclean animals.
- יִטְמָֽא (yitma) – Root: טמא (ṭ-m-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Shall become unclean”; Notes: Describes the resulting state of impurity.