כִּֽי־אִ֣ישׁ אִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְקַלֵּ֧ל אֶת־אָבִ֛יו וְאֶת־אִמֹּ֖ו מֹ֣ות יוּמָ֑ת אָבִ֧יו וְאִמֹּ֛ו קִלֵּ֖ל דָּמָ֥יו בֹּֽו׃
For any man who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death; he has cursed his father or his mother; his blood is upon him.
Morphology
- כִּֽי (ki) – Root: None; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason or cause.
- אִ֣ישׁ אִ֗ישׁ (ish ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Noun masculine singular repeated for emphasis; Translation: “Any man”; Notes: Refers to any individual.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: None; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
- יְקַלֵּ֧ל (yeqallel) – Root: קלל (q-l-l); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Curses”; Notes: Indicates speaking disrespectfully or bringing dishonor.
- אֶת־אָבִ֛יו (et-aviv) – Root: אב (ʾ-v); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His father”; Notes: Refers to the man’s father.
- וְאֶת־אִמֹּ֖ו (ve-et-immov) – Root: אם (ʾ-m); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And his mother”; Notes: Refers to the man’s mother.
- מֹ֣ות יוּמָ֑ת (mot yumat) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall surely be put to death”; Notes: The doubling emphasizes the certainty of the punishment.
- אָבִ֧יו (aviv) – Root: אב (ʾ-v); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His father”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- וְאִמֹּ֛ו (ve-immov) – Root: אם (ʾ-m); Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And his mother”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis.
- קִלֵּ֖ל (qillel) – Root: קלל (q-l-l); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He has cursed”; Notes: A past action that establishes guilt.
- דָּמָ֥יו (damav) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His blood”; Notes: Refers to the responsibility for his own death.
- בֹּֽו (bo) – Root: בוא (b-w); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Upon him”; Notes: Indicates personal accountability.