וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח אֹתָ֥ם מֹשֶׁ֛ה מִמִּדְבַּ֥ר פָּארָ֖ן עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כֻּלָּ֣ם אֲנָשִׁ֔ים רָאשֵׁ֥י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הֵֽמָּה׃
And Moshe sent them from the wilderness of Paran by the command of YHWH, all of them men, leaders of the children of Yisraʾel they were.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח (vayyishlaḥ) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he sent”; Notes: Sequential action initiated by Moshe.
- אֹתָ֥ם (otam) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Direct object pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Refers to the spies.
- מֹשֶׁ֛ה (Moshe) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: The sender, leader of Yisraʾel.
- מִמִּדְבַּ֥ר (mimmidbar) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Preposition + masculine singular noun; Translation: “From the wilderness”; Notes: Refers to the wilderness of Paran.
- פָּארָ֖ן (Paran) – Root: פאר (p-ʾ-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Paran”; Notes: A location in the wilderness.
- עַל־פִּ֣י (ʿal-pi) – Root: פה (p-h); Form: Preposition + construct noun; Translation: “By the command of”; Notes: Indicates authority of YHWH.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, divine name.
- כֻּלָּ֣ם (kullam) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “All of them”; Notes: Emphasizes collective participation.
- אֲנָשִׁ֔ים (anashim) – Root: אנש (ʾ-n-sh); Form: Masculine plural noun; Translation: “Men”; Notes: Denotes their capability and selection.
- רָאשֵׁ֥י (rashei) – Root: ראש (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Masculine plural construct noun; Translation: “Leaders of”; Notes: Indicates their position of authority.
- בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (bnei-Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (b-n) + ישׂראל (y-s-r-ʾ-l); Form: Construct noun phrase; Translation: “The children of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Yisraʾel.
- הֵֽמָּה (hemmah) – Root: הם (h-m); Form: Pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “They”; Notes: Concludes the description of the men sent.