וַיַּרְעֵ֬ם בַּשָּׁמַ֨יִם יְֽהוָ֗ה וְ֭עֶלְיֹון יִתֵּ֣ן קֹלֹ֑ו בָּ֝רָ֗ד וְגַֽחֲלֵי־אֵֽשׁ׃
And YHWH thundered in the heavens, and the Most High gave His voice, hail and coals of fire.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַיַּרְעֵם | vayyarʿem | “and He thundered” | Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms |
| 2 | בַּשָּׁמַיִם | ba-shamayim | “in the heavens” | Prep בְ + definite noun mp |
| 3 | יְהוָה | YHWH | “YHWH” | Proper noun |
| 4 | וְעֶלְיֹון | ve-ʿelyon | “and the Most High” | Conjunction וְ + noun ms |
| 5 | יִתֵּן | yitten | “gives / gives forth” | Qal imperfect 3ms |
| 6 | קֹלֹו | qolo | “His voice” | Noun ms + suffix 3ms |
| 7 | בָּרָד | barad | “hail” | Noun ms |
| 8 | וְגַחֲלֵי־ | ve-gaḥale | “and coals of” | Conjunction וְ + noun mp construct |
| 9 | אֵשׁ | esh | “fire” | Noun fs |
Morphology
- וַיַּרְעֵם (vayyarʿem) – Root: רעם; Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He thundered”; Notes: Describes the thunderous manifestation of YHWH in the storm theophany.
- בַּשָּׁמַיִם (ba-shamayim) – Root: שׁמי (lexical שָׁמַיִם); Root Type: Irregular plural form; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural (הַ assimilated); Translation: “in the heavens”; Notes: Indicates the heavenly sphere from which the thunder proceeds.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: —; Root Type: Proper divine name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- וְעֶלְיֹון (ve-ʿelyon) – Root: עלה; Root Type: III-He; Form: Conjunction וְ + adjective/noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the Most High”; Notes: A divine title emphasizing YHWH’s supreme exaltation.
- יִתֵּן (yitten) – Root: נתן; Root Type: I-Nun; Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “gives / gives forth”; Notes: Here it refers to the issuing of the divine voice.
- קֹלֹו (qolo) – Root: קול; Root Type: Hollow; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “His voice”; Notes: In Hebrew poetry the thunder is often described as the voice of YHWH.
- בָּרָד (barad) – Root: ברד; Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “hail”; Notes: One of the destructive elements accompanying the storm.
- וְגַחֲלֵי־ (ve-gaḥale) – Root: גחל; Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “and coals of”; Notes: Introduces the phrase “coals of fire.”
- אֵשׁ (esh) – Root: אשׁ; Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “fire”; Notes: Symbolic of destructive divine power accompanying the storm.